The Kirby Institute, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Health Soc Care Community. 2013 Jul;21(4):402-10. doi: 10.1111/hsc.12026. Epub 2013 Mar 7.
Although the levels of injecting drug use among lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) populations are high, we know little about their experiences of injecting drugs or living with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The loss of traditional family and cultural ties means connection to community is important to the well-being of LGBT populations. Although some kinds of drug use are normalised within many LGBT communities, injecting drug use continues to be stigmatised. This exploratory qualitative study of people with newly acquired HCV used semi-structured interviews to explore participants' understandings and awareness of HCV, seroconversion, testing, diagnosis and treatment. We present a secondary thematic analysis of eight LGBT participants of the experience of injecting drugs, living with HCV and having a marginalised sexual or gender identity. Community was central to the participants' accounts. Drug use facilitated connection to a chosen community by suppressing sexual or gender desires allows them to fit in to the mainstream; enacting LGBT community norms of behaviour; and connection through shared drug use. Participants also described feeling afraid to come out about their drug use to LGBT peers because of the associated stigma of HCV. They described a similar stigma associated with HIV within the people who inject drugs (PWID) community. Thus, the combination of being LGBT/living with HIV (a gay disease) and injecting drugs/living with HCV (a junkie's disease) left them in a kind of no-man's-land. Health professionals working in drug and HCV care services need to develop capacity in providing culturally appropriate health-care for LGBT PWID.
尽管女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋和跨性别者(LGBT)群体中的注射毒品使用率较高,但我们对他们的注射毒品经历或感染丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)的生活知之甚少。传统家庭和文化纽带的丧失意味着与社区的联系对 LGBT 群体的福祉很重要。尽管在许多 LGBT 社区中,某些种类的吸毒行为已经正常化,但注射吸毒行为仍然受到污名化。本项针对新感染 HCV 的人群的探索性定性研究使用半结构化访谈,探讨了参与者对 HCV 的理解和认识、血清转化、检测、诊断和治疗。我们对 8 名 LGBT 参与者进行了二次主题分析,他们的经历包括注射毒品、感染 HCV 以及性或性别认同边缘化。社区是参与者描述的核心。吸毒通过抑制性或性别欲望,促进了与所选择的社区的联系,使他们能够融入主流;遵守 LGBT 社区的行为规范;以及通过共同吸毒建立联系。参与者还描述了因为 HCV 相关污名而害怕向 LGBT 同伴透露自己的吸毒行为。他们描述了在注射毒品者(PWID)社区中与 HIV 相关的类似污名。因此,作为 LGBT/感染 HIV(一种同性恋疾病)和注射毒品/感染 HCV(一种瘾君子的疾病)的双重身份,使他们处于一种无人之地。在毒品和 HCV 护理服务中工作的卫生专业人员需要在为 LGBT 注射毒品者提供文化上适当的医疗保健方面发展能力。