Enzyme Technology Laboratory, Bioresources Technology Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Road, Khlong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand.
Curr Microbiol. 2013 Aug;67(2):130-7. doi: 10.1007/s00284-013-0336-3. Epub 2013 Mar 8.
The ruminal microbiome of cattle plays an important role not only in animal health and productivity but also in food safety and environment. Microbial profiles of rumen fluid obtained from dairy cows fed on three different fiber/starch diet compositions were characterized. Tagged 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing and statistical analysis revealed that the dominant ruminal bacteria shared by all three sample groups belonged to phyla Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria. However, the relative abundance of these bacterial groups was markedly affected by diet composition. In animals fed with a high fiber diet, the fibrolytic and cellulolytic bacteria Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae, and Fibrobacteraceae were found in highest abundance compared with animals fed other diets with lower fiber content. The polysaccharide-degrading Prevotellaceae and Flavobacteriaceae bacteria were most abundant in the rumen of cows fed on diet with the highest starch content. These data highlight the ruminal microbiome's ability to adapt to feed composition and also provide a basis for the development of feed formulation systems designed to improve livestock productivity.
牛的瘤胃微生物组不仅在动物健康和生产力方面起着重要作用，而且在食品安全和环境方面也起着重要作用。本研究对饲喂三种不同纤维/淀粉日粮的奶牛瘤胃液的微生物组成进行了研究。通过标记的 16S rRNA 基因焦磷酸测序和统计分析表明，所有三组样本共有的优势瘤胃细菌属于拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门和变形菌门。然而，这些细菌群的相对丰度受日粮组成的显著影响。在饲喂高纤维日粮的动物中，与饲喂其他纤维含量较低日粮的动物相比，纤维分解菌和纤维素分解菌lachnospiraceae、ruminococcaceae 和 fibrobacteraceae 的丰度最高。在饲喂淀粉含量最高日粮的奶牛瘤胃中，多糖降解菌 prevotellaceae 和 flavobacteriaceae 的丰度最高。这些数据突出了瘤胃微生物组适应饲料组成的能力，并为开发旨在提高家畜生产力的饲料配方系统提供了依据。
