Lund University, Department of Psychology, Box 213, Lund 22100, Sweden.
J Soc Psychol. 2013 Mar-Apr;153(2):131-48. doi: 10.1080/00224545.2012.711382.
Correction of judgments of people of different ethnicities and sexes was explored by exposing participants to cues to the risk of making biased judgments (from explicit warnings to subtle hints). In three experiments, a three-way interaction was revealed, where the effect of a cue to bias varied as a function of both the ethnicity and sex of the target person. Some targets (White males) were generally rated less favorably when judges were reminded of bias, whereas other targets (Black males, Middle Eastern males and White females) were generally rated more favorably, indicating bidirectional correction. Finally, a normative account of the results was explored. In a pattern consistent with the experimental results, it was considered more important to avoid overrating White men than all other groups, and more important to avoid underrating all other groups than White men. The results are discussed in relation to theories of correction and intergroup bias.
通过向参与者提示（从明确警告到微妙暗示）做出有偏差判断的风险，探讨了对不同种族和性别人群判断的修正。在三个实验中，揭示了一个三向交互作用，其中偏差提示的效果随目标人的种族和性别而变化。当提醒法官注意偏见时，一些目标人（白人男性）的评价普遍较低，而其他目标人（黑人男性、中东男性和白人女性）的评价则普遍较高，表明存在双向修正。最后，探讨了对结果的规范解释。结果与实验结果一致，被认为避免高估白人男性比避免高估所有其他群体更为重要，避免低估所有其他群体比避免低估白人男性更为重要。研究结果与修正和群体偏见理论有关。
