School of Psychological Sciences, University of Manchester, UK Behavioural Science Centre, Stirling Management School, University of Stirling, UK Institute of Psychological Sciences, University of Leeds, UK Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.
Pain. 2013 May;154(5):743-749. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2013.01.016. Epub 2013 Feb 13.
When painful stimuli are evaluated at the time they are experienced, judgments are made not in isolation but with reference to other experienced stimuli. We tested a specific quantitative model of how such context effects occur. Participants experienced 3 blocks of 11 different pressure pain stimuli, and rated each stimulus on a 0-10 scale of intensity. Stimulus distribution was varied between participants. Study 1 found that that the rating of a stimulus of a particular pressure was higher in the context in which it ranked highest. Study 2 found that pain ratings were higher in a context where most stimuli were relatively intense, even when the mean stimulus was constant. It is suggested that pain judgments are relative, involve the same cognitive processes as are used in other psychophysical and socioemotional judgments, and are well described by range frequency theory. This approach can further inform the existing body of research on context-dependent pain evaluation.
当对正在经历的疼痛刺激进行评估时，判断不是孤立做出的，而是参照其他经历过的刺激做出的。我们测试了一种关于这种上下文效应如何发生的特定定量模型。参与者经历了 3 个 11 种不同压力疼痛刺激的块，每个刺激在 0-10 强度标度上进行评级。刺激分布在参与者之间变化。研究 1 发现，在一个特定压力的刺激排名最高的情况下，对该刺激的评级更高。研究 2 发现，即使在刺激均值不变的情况下，在大多数刺激相对强烈的情况下，疼痛评级更高。这表明疼痛判断是相对的，涉及与其他心理物理和社会情感判断相同的认知过程，并且可以通过范围频率理论很好地描述。这种方法可以进一步为现有的关于依赖于上下文的疼痛评估的研究提供信息。
