Department of Experimental Psychology, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany; Karl-Jaspers Clinic, Oldenburg, Germany.
Department of Experimental Psychology, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany; Research Center Neurosensory Science, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany.
Biol Psychol. 2014 Jan;95:59-69. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2013.02.019. Epub 2013 Mar 15.
Cortical oscillations demonstrate a relationship with cognition. Moreover, they also exhibit associations with task performance and psychiatric mental disorders. This being the case, the modification of oscillations has become one of the key interests of neuroscientific approaches for cognitive enhancement. For such kind of alterations, neurofeedback (NF) of brain activity constitutes a promising tool. Concerning specific higher cognitive functions, frontal-midline theta (fm-theta) has been suggested as an important indicator of relevant brain processes. This paper presents a novel approach for an individualized, eight-session NF training to enhance fm-theta. An individual's dominant fm-theta frequency was determined based on experiments tapping executive functions. Effects of the actual NF training were compared to a pseudo-NF training. Participants of the pseudo-NF training experienced a comparable degree of motivation and commitment as the subjects of the actual NF training, but found the "training" slightly easier. In comparison to the pseudo-NF training, proper NF training significantly enhanced fm-theta amplitude in the actual training sessions, as well as during the whole course of training. However, unspecific changes in the alpha and beta frequency ranges found with both the actual NF and the pseudo-NF training groups emphasize the relevance of active control groups for neurofeedback studies.
皮层振荡与认知有关。此外，它们还与任务表现和精神心理障碍有关。因此，振荡的修饰已成为神经科学认知增强方法的主要关注点之一。对于这种改变，脑活动的神经反馈 (NF) 构成了一种很有前途的工具。对于特定的高级认知功能，额中线θ（fm-theta）已被认为是相关脑过程的重要指标。本文提出了一种新的方法，用于进行个体化的、八节的 NF 训练以增强 fm-theta。基于探测执行功能的实验，确定个体的主导 fm-theta 频率。实际 NF 训练的效果与伪 NF 训练进行了比较。与伪 NF 训练相比，适当的 NF 训练在实际训练期间以及整个训练过程中均显著增强了 fm-theta 幅度。然而，实际 NF 和伪 NF 训练组在α和β频带中发现的非特异性变化强调了神经反馈研究中主动对照组的相关性。
