Winett Richard A, Anderson Eileen S, Wojcik Janet R, Winett Sheila G, Moore Shane, Blake Chad
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University.
Transl Behav Med. 2011 Mar;1(1):165-174. doi: 10.1007/s13142-010-0006-y.
Theory-based, efficacious, long-term, completely Internet-based interventions are needed to induce favorable shifts in health behaviors and prevent weight gain.
To assess nutrition, physical activity, and, secondarily, body weight outcomes in the tailored, social cognitive theory Guide to Health () program with all recruitment, assessment, and intervention performed on the Internet.
The focus of the efficacy study was engaged participants who completed 3 or more program modules plus baseline, 6-months post and, 16-months follow-up assessments (n = 247). To be eligible, participants needed to be between 18-63 years of age, with a BMI between 23-39, sedentary to low-active but otherwise healthy. Participant had a mean age of 45.5 years (10.3), 86.2% were female, with 8.5% from minority groups, with a mean 17.5 (3.0) years of education, and had a median annual household income of about $85k. Nevertheless, about 83% were overweight or obese and about 75% were sedentary (i.e., <5000 steps/day) or had low levels of activity (i.e., 5,000 - 7499 steps/day). Participants were randomized to the intervention or intervention. Content, overall target behaviors, program goals and strategies were the same in the two interventions with the difference that included a generic feedback and planning approach and included a highly tailored planning and feedback approach. Participants reported at assessments pedometer step counts to assess physical activity, bodyweight from a scale provided, and fruit and vegetable (F&V) servings were assessed from food frequency questionnaires completed online.
Participants in both at follow-up increased physical activity by about 1400 steps/day, lost about 3% of bodyweight, and increased F&V by about 1.5 serving/day. There was evidence that the least physically active, those who were obese, and those with poorest nutrition made greater long-term improvements.
Given similar outcomes for , a relatively simple entirely Internet-based program can help people improve health behaviors and prevent weight gain.
需要基于理论、有效、长期且完全基于互联网的干预措施，以促使健康行为发生有益转变并防止体重增加。
评估在完全通过互联网进行招募、评估和干预的、量身定制的社会认知理论《健康指南》项目中的营养、身体活动情况，其次评估体重结果。
疗效研究的重点是参与并完成3个或更多项目模块以及基线、6个月后和16个月随访评估的参与者（n = 247）。要符合条件，参与者年龄需在18至63岁之间，体重指数在23至39之间，久坐不动至活动量较低但身体健康。参与者的平均年龄为45.5岁（10.3），86.2%为女性，8.5%来自少数群体，平均受教育年限为17.5（3.0）年，家庭年收入中位数约为8.5万美元。然而，约83%的人超重或肥胖，约75%的人久坐不动（即每天步数<5000步）或活动量较低（即每天5000 - 7499步）。参与者被随机分为《指南》干预组或《指南》干预组。两种干预措施的内容、总体目标行为、项目目标和策略相同，不同之处在于《指南》包括通用反馈和规划方法，《指南》包括高度量身定制的规划和反馈方法。参与者在评估时报告计步器步数以评估身体活动情况，使用提供的秤测量体重，并通过在线完成的食物频率问卷评估水果和蔬菜的摄入量。
两个《指南》组的参与者在随访时身体活动量每天增加约1400步，体重减轻约3%，水果和蔬菜摄入量每天增加约1.5份。有证据表明，身体活动最少、肥胖以及营养最差的人在长期改善方面更为显著。
鉴于两个《指南》组的结果相似，一个相对简单的完全基于互联网的项目可以帮助人们改善健康行为并防止体重增加。
