Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, 10 Center Drive MSC 1255, Building 10, Room 1C250, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1255, USA.
Drugs. 2013 Mar;73(4):303-14. doi: 10.1007/s40265-013-0021-7.
The current review covers extant literature on pharmacotherapy for core symptoms of autism. The core symptoms of autism include impairments in social interaction and communication, as well as the presence of restricted and repetitive behaviors. There are no known efficacious treatments for the core social symptoms, although effects on repetitive behaviors are indicated with some data. While studies of fenfluramine, secretin, opiates, and mood stabilizers generally find no effect, mixed results suggest more research is needed on antidepressants and atypical antipsychotics. Newer lines of research, including cholinergic and glutamatergic agents and oxytocin, will be of considerable interest in the future. However, research on the treatment of core symptoms is plagued by limitations in study design, statistical power, and other issues inherent to the study of treatments for autism (e.g., heterogeneity of the disorder) that continue to prevent the elucidation of efficacious treatments.
本篇综述涵盖了目前关于自闭症核心症状药物治疗的文献。自闭症的核心症状包括社交互动和沟通障碍，以及受限和重复行为的出现。目前尚无针对核心社交症状的有效治疗方法，尽管一些数据表明某些药物对重复行为有一定疗效。虽然芬氟拉明、肠促胰酶素、阿片类药物和心境稳定剂的研究一般没有发现效果，但混合结果表明，需要对抗抑郁药和非典型抗精神病药进行更多的研究。未来，包括胆碱能和谷氨酸能药物以及催产素在内的新研究领域将引起相当大的兴趣。然而，核心症状治疗的研究受到研究设计、统计能力和其他固有问题的限制，这些问题是自闭症治疗研究所共有的（例如，该疾病的异质性），这些问题继续阻碍了有效治疗方法的确立。
