School of Engineering and Design, Brunel University, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, Middlesex UB8 3PH, UK.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2013 Jul;65(1):142-8. doi: 10.1007/s00244-013-9885-5. Epub 2013 Mar 20.
Aquatic birds are commonly affected by oil spills. Despite rehabilitation efforts, the majority of rehabilitated common guillemots (Uria aalge) do not survive, whereas mute swans (Cygnus olor) tend to have higher postrelease survival. Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) present in crude oil and diesel are immunotoxic in birds affecting cell-mediated responses to immunogens. Because it is a target of PAH toxicity, T-lymphocyte response to controlled mitogen administration (phytohemagglutinnin test) was investigated in a scoping study as a potentially useful minimally invasive in vivo test of cell-mediated immunity. The test was performed on 69 mute swans and 31 common guillemots stranded on the Norfolk and Lincolnshire coastline and inland waterways in England (UK) either due to injury or to contamination with crude or diesel oil. T-lymphocyte response was significantly decreased in swans with greater oil scores. T-lymphocyte responses were also decreased in guillemots, but this finding was not statistically significant.
水鸟通常会受到石油泄漏的影响。尽管进行了康复努力，但大多数康复后的普通海鸠（Uria aalge）无法存活，而默西天鹅（Cygnus olor）的放生后存活率往往更高。原油和柴油中存在的多环芳烃（PAH）对鸟类具有免疫毒性，影响其对免疫原的细胞介导反应。由于 T 淋巴细胞对受控有丝分裂原（植物血球凝集素试验）的反应是多环芳烃毒性的一个靶点，因此在一项范围界定研究中，将其作为细胞介导免疫的一种潜在有用的微创体内试验进行了研究。该试验在英国（英国）诺福克和林肯郡沿海岸线以及内陆水道因受伤或与原油或柴油污染而搁浅的 69 只默西天鹅和 31 只普通海鸠上进行。具有更高油分得分的天鹅的 T 淋巴细胞反应明显降低。海鸠的 T 淋巴细胞反应也有所下降，但这一发现没有统计学意义。
