School of Psychology (A18), The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
J Gambl Stud. 2014 Sep;30(3):669-83. doi: 10.1007/s10899-013-9375-8.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent to which accurate estimates of payback percentages and volatility combined with prior learning, enabled players to successfully discriminate between multi-line/multi-credit slot machines that provided differing rates of reinforcement. The aim was to determine if the capacity to discriminate structural characteristics of gaming machines influenced player choices in selecting 'favourite' slot machines. Slot machine gambling history, gambling beliefs and knowledge, impulsivity, illusions of control, and problem solving style were assessed in a sample of 48 first year undergraduate psychology students. Participants were subsequently exposed to a choice paradigm where they could freely select to play either of two concurrently presented PC-simulated slot machines programmed to randomly differ in expected player return rates (payback percentage) and win frequency (volatility). Results suggest that prior learning and cognitions (particularly gambler's fallacy) but not payback, were major contributors to the ability of a player to discriminate volatility between slot machines. Participants displayed a general tendency to discriminate payback, but counter-intuitively placed more bets on the slot machine with lower payback percentage rates.
本研究旨在探究准确估计回报率和波动性并结合先前的学习，在多大程度上能够帮助玩家成功区分提供不同强化率的多线/多信用老虎机。目的是确定区分老虎机结构特征的能力是否会影响玩家选择“心仪”老虎机的决策。在 48 名心理学一年级本科生样本中评估了老虎机赌博史、赌博信念和知识、冲动性、控制错觉和解决问题的风格。随后，参与者被暴露在一个选择范式中，他们可以自由选择玩两个同时呈现的 PC 模拟老虎机，这些老虎机的预期玩家回报率（回报率）和赢率（波动性）随机不同。结果表明，先前的学习和认知（特别是赌徒谬误）而不是回报率，是玩家区分老虎机波动性的主要因素。参与者普遍表现出区分回报率的倾向，但出人意料的是，他们在回报率较低的老虎机上投入了更多的赌注。
