Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain.
Curr Hypertens Rep. 2013 Jun;15(3):204-14. doi: 10.1007/s11906-013-0336-5.
The regular practice of physical activity is a well-recommended strategy for the prevention and treatment of several cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Physical exercise prevents the progression of vascular diseases and reduces cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Exercise training also ameliorates vascular changes including endothelial dysfunction and arterial remodeling and stiffness, usually present in type 2 diabetes, obesity, hypertension and metabolic syndrome. Common to these diseases is excessive oxidative stress, which plays an important role in the processes underlying vascular changes. At the vascular level, exercise training improves the redox state and consequently NO availability. Moreover, growing evidence indicates that other mediators such as prostanoids might be involved in the beneficial effects of exercise. The purpose of this review is to update recent findings describing the adaptation response induced by exercise in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, focusing more specifically on the beneficial effects of exercise in the vasculature and the underlying mechanisms.
定期进行身体活动是预防和治疗多种心血管和代谢疾病的推荐策略。体育锻炼可以防止血管疾病的进展，降低心血管发病率和死亡率。运动训练还可以改善包括内皮功能障碍、动脉重塑和僵硬在内的血管变化，这些变化通常存在于 2 型糖尿病、肥胖症、高血压和代谢综合征中。这些疾病的共同特点是氧化应激过度，这在血管变化的过程中起着重要作用。在血管水平上，运动训练可以改善氧化还原状态，从而增加一氧化氮的供应。此外，越来越多的证据表明，其他介质，如前列腺素，可能参与了运动的有益作用。本综述的目的是更新最近的研究结果，描述运动在心血管和代谢疾病中诱导的适应反应，特别关注运动对血管的有益作用及其潜在机制。
