Yokobori Shoji, Zhang Zhiqun, Moghieb Ahmed, Mondello Stefania, Gajavelli Shyam, Dietrich W Dalton, Bramlett Helen, Hayes Ronald L, Wang Michael, Wang Kevin K W, Bullock M Ross
Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
World Neurosurg. 2015 May;83(5):867-78. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2013.03.012. Epub 2013 Mar 19.
Many efforts have been made to create new diagnostic technologies for use in the diagnosis of central nervous system injury. However, there is still no consensus for the use of biomarkers in clinical acute spinal cord injury (SCI). The aims of this review are (1) to evaluate the current status of neurochemical biomarkers and (2) to discuss their potential acute diagnostic role in SCI by reviewing the literature.
PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed) was searched up to 2012 to identify publications concerning diagnostic biomarkers in SCI. To support more knowledge, we also checked secondary references in the primarily retrieved literature.
Neurofilaments, cleaved-Tau, microtubule-associated protein 2, myelin basic protein, neuron-specific enolase, S100β, and glial fibrillary acidic protein were identified as structural protein biomarkers in SCI by this review process. We could not find reports relating ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 and α-II spectrin breakdown products, which are widely researched in other central nervous system injuries. Therefore, we present our preliminary data relating to these two biomarkers. Some of biomarkers showed promising results for SCI diagnosis and outcome prediction; however, there were unresolved issues relating to accuracy and their accessibility.
Currently, there still are not many reports focused on diagnostic biomarkers in SCI. This fact warranted the need for greater efforts to innovate sensitive and reliable biomarkers for SCI.
人们已做出诸多努力来研发用于诊断中枢神经系统损伤的新诊断技术。然而，在临床急性脊髓损伤（SCI）中使用生物标志物仍未达成共识。本综述的目的是：（1）评估神经化学生物标志物的现状；（2）通过回顾文献来探讨它们在SCI中的潜在急性诊断作用。
检索截至2012年的PubMed（http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed），以确定有关SCI诊断生物标志物的出版物。为获取更多知识，我们还查阅了主要检索文献中的二次参考文献。
通过本综述过程，神经丝、裂解型Tau蛋白、微管相关蛋白2、髓鞘碱性蛋白、神经元特异性烯醇化酶、S100β蛋白和胶质纤维酸性蛋白被确定为SCI中的结构蛋白生物标志物。我们未找到与泛素C末端水解酶-L1和α-II血影蛋白降解产物相关的报告，而这两种物质在其他中枢神经系统损伤中已得到广泛研究。因此，我们展示了与这两种生物标志物相关的初步数据。一些生物标志物在SCI诊断和预后预测方面显示出有前景的结果；然而，在准确性及其可获取性方面仍存在未解决的问题。
目前，专注于SCI诊断生物标志物的报告仍然不多。这一事实表明需要做出更大努力来创新用于SCI的敏感且可靠的生物标志物。
