Hur Mi-Sun, Kim Ho-Jeong, Choi Byoung-Young, Hu Kyung-Seok, Kim Hee-Jin, Lee Kyu-Seok
Department of Anatomy, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Gangneung, South Korea.
J Craniofac Surg. 2013 Mar;24(2):602-4. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0b013e318267bcc5.
The mentalis muscle (MT) is the only elevator of the lower lip and the chin, and it provides the major vertical support for the lower lip. However, there are few reports on the relationship between the MT and its surrounding muscles. The aim of this study was to clarify the morphology of the MT, especially in relation to the orbicularis oris muscle and the incisivus labii inferioris muscle (ILI), thereby providing data to understand the function of the MT in relation to the surrounding muscles. The MT was examined in 40 specimens of embalmed adult Korean cadavers. The medial fibers of both MTs descended anteromedially and crossed together, forming a dome-shaped chin prominence in all specimens. The lateral fibers of the MT descended inferomedially in 38 specimens (95%) and inferolaterally in 2 specimens (5%). The upper fibers of the MT were short and ran horizontally, whereas the lower fibers were long and descended inferomedially or vertically. The upper fibers of the MT were intermingled with the inferior margin of the orbicularis oris muscle in all specimens. The originating muscle fibers of the ILI were intermingled with the upper lateral MT in all specimens. Some of the ILI fibers extended inferomedially to the middle or lower portion of the MT in 22 specimens (55%). The results of this study constitute new anatomical knowledge regarding the MT and will be useful to surgeons performing various surgical procedures of the chin area.
颏肌是下唇和下巴的唯一上提肌，为下唇提供主要的垂直支撑。然而，关于颏肌与其周围肌肉之间关系的报道较少。本研究的目的是阐明颏肌的形态，尤其是与口轮匝肌和下唇切牙肌的关系，从而为理解颏肌相对于周围肌肉的功能提供数据。在40具经过防腐处理的成年韩国尸体标本中对颏肌进行了检查。双侧颏肌的内侧纤维向前内侧下降并交叉在一起，在所有标本中形成一个圆顶状的下巴隆起。颏肌的外侧纤维在38个标本（95%）中向内侧下方下降，在2个标本（5%）中向外侧下方下降。颏肌的上部纤维较短且水平走行，而下部纤维较长且向内侧下方或垂直下降。在所有标本中，颏肌的上部纤维与口轮匝肌的下缘相互交织。在所有标本中，下唇切牙肌的起始肌纤维与颏肌的上外侧相互交织。在22个标本（55%）中，一些下唇切牙肌纤维向内侧下方延伸至颏肌的中部或下部。本研究结果构成了关于颏肌的新解剖学知识，将有助于进行下巴区域各种手术的外科医生。
