Zuffa M, Rusnák I, Kubancok J, Horváth A, Devecka D, Kycina J, Jedlicka B
Interné oddelenie, NsP, Lipt. Mikulás.
Vnitr Lek. 1990 Mar;36(3):246-53.
Paraneoplastic syndromes supplement the complex clinical picture of malignomas. Their knowledge improves early diagnosis. The development, course and regression of paraneoplastic syndromes indicates that they have a multifactorial origin and their manifestation depends on the biochemical, metabolic and immunological situation of the organism. The pathogenesis involves many obscure points and the clinical picture is often a surprise, an unexpected variant with regard to theoretical expectations. Sometimes paraneoplastic syndromes prove fatal in patients with a tretable tumour. There does not exist any paraneoplastic syndrome specific for a certain malignoma. In the authors' group of 1538 patients with malignant tumours belonging into the competence of internal medicine a paraneoplastic syndrome was found in 282 (18.3% patients). In 144 (9.4%) it was the first symptom of disease, incl. 74 (4.8%) where it was also an early sign of the disease. In the group thrombohaemorrhagic and rheumatological paraneoplastic syndrome was most frequently encountered. The relatively highest incidence of early paraneoplasias was observed in those malignomas which affect the immunocompetent apparatus (immunocytomas, haemoblastoses, and lymphomas). The authors recommend that suspect paraneoplastic syndromes should be dispensarized as precanceroses.
副肿瘤综合征使恶性肿瘤的临床症状更为复杂。对其的了解有助于早期诊断。副肿瘤综合征的发生、发展及消退表明其起源具有多因素性，其表现取决于机体的生化、代谢及免疫状况。发病机制存在许多不明之处，临床表现往往出人意料，与理论预期不同。有时，副肿瘤综合征会导致患有可治疗肿瘤的患者死亡。不存在特定于某种恶性肿瘤的副肿瘤综合征。在作者研究的1538例内科恶性肿瘤患者中，发现282例（18.3%）患有副肿瘤综合征。其中144例（9.4%）是疾病的首发症状，包括74例（4.8%）也是疾病的早期体征。在该组中，血栓出血性和风湿性副肿瘤综合征最为常见。在那些影响免疫活性器官的恶性肿瘤（免疫细胞瘤、成血细胞增多症和淋巴瘤）中，观察到相对较高的早期副肿瘤发生率。作者建议将可疑的副肿瘤综合征作为癌前病变进行鉴别诊断。
