Department of Pediatrics, Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, Nepal.
BMC Pediatr. 2013 Mar 27;13:43. doi: 10.1186/1471-2431-13-43.
Seizure is one of the common causes of childhood hospitalization with significant mortality and morbidity. There is limited data regarding acute seizures episodes form the developing countries. Current study aims to find the common etiology of seizure and classify seizure types in various age groups presenting to tertiary center in Western Nepal.
This was a hospital based retrospective study carried out in the data retrieved from the records maintained in the Department of Pediatrics, Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara from 1st July 2007 to 31st July 2011.Variables collected were demographics, clinical presentations, laboratory tests, brain imaging studies, electroencephalography, diagnosis and hospital course.
A total of 551 patients were admitted for seizures with 338 (61.3%) males and 213 (38.7%) females. Among these patients, 295 (53.5%) presented with fever and 317 (57.5%) of children were less than 5 years of age. Generalized tonic-clonic seizures were the most common seizure type (69.9%). Seizure disorder (33.4%), febrile seizures (30.7%), CNS infections and neurocysticercosis were common etiologies. Abnormal brain images were noted in 111 (45.9%) of 242 patients and most common abnormality was neurocysticercosis 66 (59.5%).
CNS infections and febrile convulsions were common causes of seizures in febrile children. Neuroimaging should be advised in all afebrile children for the diagnosis of neurocysticercosis. Children diagnosed as seizure disorder require long term follow up studies including neurophysiologic studies.
癫痫是导致儿童住院的常见原因之一，具有较高的病死率和发病率。发展中国家有关急性癫痫发作的数据有限。本研究旨在探讨尼泊尔西部一家三级中心不同年龄段患者癫痫发作的常见病因和类型。
这是一项基于医院的回顾性研究，对 2007 年 7 月 1 日至 2011 年 7 月 31 日期间在尼泊尔博克拉的马南普尔教学医院儿科病房记录中检索到的数据进行了分析。收集的变量包括人口统计学、临床表现、实验室检查、脑影像学研究、脑电图、诊断和住院过程。
共有 551 例癫痫患儿住院，其中男性 338 例（61.3%），女性 213 例（38.7%）。这些患者中，295 例（53.5%）有发热，317 例（57.5%）患儿年龄小于 5 岁。全身性强直阵挛性发作是最常见的癫痫发作类型（69.9%）。癫痫障碍（33.4%）、热性惊厥（30.7%）、中枢神经系统感染和神经囊虫病是常见病因。242 例患儿中有 111 例（45.9%）存在异常脑图像，最常见的异常是神经囊虫病 66 例（59.5%）。
中枢神经系统感染和热性惊厥是发热儿童癫痫发作的常见原因。所有无热儿童均应建议进行神经影像学检查，以诊断神经囊虫病。诊断为癫痫障碍的儿童需要进行长期随访研究，包括神经生理学研究。
