Johnson Xenie, Alric Jean
Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, California, USA.
Eukaryot Cell. 2013 Jun;12(6):776-93. doi: 10.1128/EC.00318-12. Epub 2013 Mar 29.
The metabolism of microalgae is so flexible that it is not an easy task to give a comprehensive description of the interplay between the various metabolic pathways. There are, however, constraints that govern central carbon metabolism in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii that are revealed by the compartmentalization and regulation of the pathways and their relation to key cellular processes such as cell motility, division, carbon uptake and partitioning, external and internal rhythms, and nutrient stress. Both photosynthetic and mitochondrial electron transfer provide energy for metabolic processes and how energy transfer impacts metabolism and vice versa is a means of exploring the regulation and function of these pathways. A key example is the specific chloroplast localization of glycolysis/gluconeogenesis and how it impacts the redox poise and ATP budget of the plastid in the dark. To compare starch and lipids as carbon reserves, their value can be calculated in terms of NAD(P)H and ATP. As microalgae are now considered a potential renewable feedstock, we examine current work on the subject and also explore the possibility of rerouting metabolism toward lipid production.
微藻的新陈代谢非常灵活，因此全面描述各种代谢途径之间的相互作用并非易事。然而，莱茵衣藻中存在一些控制中心碳代谢的限制因素，这些因素通过代谢途径的区室化和调节以及它们与关键细胞过程（如细胞运动、分裂、碳吸收和分配、外部和内部节律以及营养胁迫）的关系得以揭示。光合和线粒体电子传递都为代谢过程提供能量，而能量传递如何影响代谢以及反之亦然，是探索这些途径的调节和功能的一种方式。一个关键的例子是糖酵解/糖异生作用在叶绿体中的特定定位以及它如何在黑暗中影响质体的氧化还原平衡和ATP预算。为了比较淀粉和脂质作为碳储备的情况，可以根据NAD(P)H和ATP来计算它们的价值。由于微藻现在被视为一种潜在的可再生原料，我们研究了该主题的当前工作，并探讨了将新陈代谢重新导向脂质生产的可能性。
