Department of Brain and Cognition, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2013 Jul;19(6):695-708. doi: 10.1017/S1355617713000295. Epub 2013 Apr 2.
Cognitive change is frequently observed in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the exact profile and extent of cognitive impairments remain unclear due to the clinical heterogeneity of PD and methodological issues in many previous studies. In this study, we aimed to examine the severity, frequency, and profile of cognitive changes in newly diagnosed PD patients over 5 years. At baseline and after 3 and 5 years, a hospital-based sample of PD patients (n = 59) and healthy controls (n = 40) were given neuropsychological tests covering six cognitive domains. Patients showed greater decline over time than healthy controls on all cognitive domains, except for attention. The profile of decline showed that psychomotor speed and memory were most affected. At the individual level 53% of the patients showed more cognitive decline than controls. Age at onset and memory impairment at baseline predicted cognitive decline. Cognitive functions in PD patients show greater decline in most domains than in healthy elderly over the course of 5 years. Due to selection bias as a result of attrition, the actual degree of decline may be greater than reported here.
认知变化在帕金森病（PD）患者中经常观察到。然而，由于 PD 的临床异质性和许多先前研究中的方法问题，认知损伤的确切程度和范围仍不清楚。在这项研究中，我们旨在检查新诊断的 PD 患者在 5 年内认知变化的严重程度、频率和模式。在基线以及 3 年后和 5 年后，对一组以医院为基础的 PD 患者（n = 59）和健康对照组（n = 40）进行了神经心理学测试，涵盖了六个认知领域。患者在所有认知领域的表现都比健康对照组随着时间的推移而下降，除了注意力。下降的模式表明，精神运动速度和记忆力受到的影响最大。在个体水平上，53%的患者比对照组表现出更多的认知下降。发病年龄和基线时的记忆障碍预测了认知下降。在 5 年内，PD 患者的认知功能在大多数领域的下降程度都比健康老年人更大。由于由于失访而导致的选择偏差，实际的下降程度可能比这里报告的更大。
