Jones Lara L, Brunell Amy B
a Department of Psychology , Wayne State University , Detroit , MI , USA.
Memory. 2014;22(4):307-22. doi: 10.1080/09658211.2013.778999. Epub 2013 Apr 3.
According to the agency model of narcissism (Campbell, Brunell, & Finkel, 2006) narcissists view themselves as high on agentic traits but low on communal traits. To test if this self-view extends to recall, two experiments examined the extent to which narcissism was associated with self-ratings and recall of agentic and communal traits that varied in valence. Across both experiments a trait description task was followed by a surprise recall task for the trait words and then completion of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI; Raskin & Terry, 1988). Within the self-reference condition narcissism was related to higher selection in the trait description task and to higher recall of positive-agentic (e.g., clever) traits. This general pattern of results occurred for narcissism even while controlling for the related personality variables of self-esteem, agency, and communion. In contrast to narcissism, within the self-referent group self-esteem predicted higher recall for positive-communal traits (e.g., kind) but lower recall for negative-communal traits, a finding consistent with mnemic neglect. Overall, results supported the agency model of narcissism and extended this model to suggest that narcissists rate themselves more highly not only on positive-agentic traits but also on negative-communal traits.
根据自恋的代理模型（坎贝尔、布鲁内尔和芬克尔，2006年），自恋者认为自己在能动性特质方面得分高，但在社群性特质方面得分低。为了检验这种自我认知是否延伸到记忆方面，两项实验考察了自恋与自我评分以及对正负效价不同的能动性和社群性特质的记忆之间的关联程度。在两项实验中，先进行特质描述任务，然后对特质词进行意外记忆任务，最后完成自恋人格问卷（NPI；拉斯金和特里，1988年）。在自我参照条件下，自恋与在特质描述任务中更高的选择以及对积极能动性特质（如聪明）的更高记忆相关。即使在控制了自尊、能动性和社群性等相关人格变量的情况下，自恋也呈现出这种总体结果模式。与自恋相反，在自我参照组中，自尊预示着对积极社群性特质（如善良）的更高记忆，但对消极社群性特质的记忆较低，这一发现与记忆忽视一致。总体而言，结果支持了自恋的代理模型，并扩展了该模型，表明自恋者不仅在积极能动性特质上对自己评价更高，在消极社群性特质上也是如此。
