Psybernetics Research Group, 28 Eastern Ave,, Augusta, ME 04330, USA.
Clin Epigenetics. 2013 Apr 2;5(1):5. doi: 10.1186/1868-7083-5-5.
Published research has shown that month-of-birth variations modulate the incidence of adult human diseases. This article explores diabetes type 2 as one of those diseases. This study uses the death records of approximately 829,000 diabetics (approximately 90% were type-2) born before the year 1945 (and dying between 1979 and 2005) to show that variations in adult lifespan vary with ultraviolet radiation (UVR) at solar cycle peaks (MAX, approximately a three-year period) with less at non-peaks (MIN, approximately an eight-year period). The MAX minus MIN (in years) was our measure of sensitivity (for example, responsiveness) to long-term variations in UVR.
Diabetics were less sensitive than non-diabetics, and ethnic minorities were more sensitive than whites. Diabetic males gained 6.1 years, and females 2.3 years over non-diabetics, with diabetic males gaining an average of 3.8 years over diabetic females. Most variation in lifespan occurred in those conceived around the seasonal equinoxes, suggesting that the human epigenome at conception is especially influenced by rapid variation in UVR. With rapidly decreasing UVR at conception, lifespan decreased in the better-nourished, white, female diabetic population.
Rapidly changing UVR at the equinoxes modulates the expression of an epigenome involving the conservation of energy, a mechanism especially canalized in women. Decreasing UVR at conception and early gestation stimulates energy conservation in persons we consider 'diabetic' in today's environment of caloric surfeit. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries ethnic minorities had poorer nutrition, laborious work, and leaner bodies, and in that environment a calorie-conserving epigenome was a survival advantage. Ethnic minorities with a similar epigenome lived long enough to express diabetes as we define it today and exceeded the lifespan of their non-diabetic contemporaries, while that epigenome in diabetics in the nutritional environment of today is detrimental to lifespan.
已发表的研究表明，出生月份的变化会影响成人疾病的发病率。本文探讨了 2 型糖尿病作为此类疾病之一。本研究使用了大约 829000 名糖尿病患者（约 90%为 2 型）的死亡记录，这些患者出生于 1945 年之前（并于 1979 年至 2005 年期间死亡），结果表明，成人寿命的变化与太阳周期高峰时的紫外线辐射（UVR）有关（MAX，大约三年周期），而非高峰期时则与 UVR 有关（MIN，大约八年周期）。MAX 与 MIN 之间的差值（以年为单位）是我们衡量对 UVR 长期变化的敏感性（例如，响应性）的指标。
糖尿病患者的敏感性低于非糖尿病患者，少数民族的敏感性高于白人。男性糖尿病患者比非糖尿病患者多活 6.1 年，女性多活 2.3 年，男性糖尿病患者比女性糖尿病患者平均多活 3.8 年。寿命的大部分变化发生在那些在季节春分和秋分前后受孕的人身上，这表明受孕时人类的表观基因组特别容易受到 UVR 快速变化的影响。随着受孕时 UVR 的迅速减少，营养状况较好、白种人、女性糖尿病患者的寿命缩短。
春分和秋分时快速变化的 UVR 调节了涉及能量保护的表观基因组的表达，这是一种在女性中特别明显的机制。在受孕和早期妊娠时，UVR 减少会刺激我们在当今热量过剩的环境中认为是“糖尿病”的人的能量节约。在 19 世纪末和 20 世纪初，少数民族的营养状况较差，劳动强度大，身体消瘦，在这种环境下，节约能量的表观基因组是一种生存优势。具有相似表观基因组的少数民族活得足够长，能够表现出我们今天所定义的糖尿病，并且超过了他们同时代非糖尿病患者的寿命，而在今天的营养环境下，糖尿病患者的表观基因组对寿命不利。
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