Soares Silvia, Murray Alexander G, Crumlish Mags, Turnbull James F, Green Darren M
Institute of Aquaculture, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK.
Dis Aquat Organ. 2013 Mar 26;103(2):101-9. doi: 10.3354/dao02562.
Databases of site production have an important role to play in the investigation and understanding of diseases, since they store valuable amounts of disease and management data. Diseases pose an important constraint to economic expansion of aquaculture. They are dependent on the complex interacting factors of pathogen, environment, and host, and the causes of death can be related to nutritional, environmental, and genetic factors of the host or infectious agents. We examined the drivers of mortality from a single site-production database, which represented one-third of Scottish farmed salmon Salmo salar L. production in 2005, to determine whether mortality 'benchmarking' data could be generalised across sites and production cycles. We show that farm mortality records play an important role in studying mortality losses and identifying of management problems in production. We found that mortalities varied across the months of the year and with the time of year of initial stocking. Production cycles that started in the third quarter of the year had the highest mortality overall. Furthermore, we found site-to-site variation in mortality that may have been caused by either random occurrence of epidemics and environmental events or other local effects.
养殖场生产数据库在疾病调查和理解方面发挥着重要作用，因为它们存储了大量有价值的疾病和管理数据。疾病对水产养殖的经济扩张构成了重要制约。疾病取决于病原体、环境和宿主等复杂的相互作用因素，死亡原因可能与宿主的营养、环境和遗传因素或感染因子有关。我们从一个单一养殖场生产数据库中研究了死亡驱动因素，该数据库代表了2005年苏格兰养殖鲑鱼（Salmo salar L.）产量的三分之一，以确定死亡率“基准”数据是否可以在不同养殖场和生产周期中推广。我们表明，养殖场死亡率记录在研究死亡损失和识别生产中的管理问题方面发挥着重要作用。我们发现，死亡率在一年的不同月份以及初始放养的年份时间有所不同。在一年第三季度开始的生产周期总体死亡率最高。此外，我们发现养殖场之间的死亡率存在差异，这可能是由流行病和环境事件的随机发生或其他局部影响造成的。
