Gift T E, Zastowny T R
University of Rochester, School of Medicine and Dentistry, New York.
Int J Soc Psychiatry. 1990 Spring;36(1):11-7. doi: 10.1177/002076409003600102.
Underutilization of psychiatric services by men relative to women may reflect discrepancies between the male sex role in Western societies and the patient role. We hypothesize that this will be more important in a rural than a nonrural setting for two reasons. First, the relative lack of anonymity in a rural setting makes more evident incongruities between sex role conventions and actual behaviour. Second, because of the increased cultural heterogeneity of urban areas, traditional sex roles are less clearly delineated. These considerations suggest that the ratio of males to females receiving treatment in a rural setting should be lower than in a nonrural setting. It was found that for treated incidence the ratio of males to females was significantly lower in a rural than in a non-rural setting (p less than .01); for treated prevalence a lower male to female ratio was found in the rural than the nonrural setting, although this did not achieve statistical significance.
与女性相比，男性对精神科服务的利用不足可能反映了西方社会男性性别角色与患者角色之间的差异。我们假设，出于两个原因，这种情况在农村地区比在非农村地区更为突出。第一，农村地区相对缺乏匿名性，使得性别角色规范与实际行为之间的不一致更加明显。第二，由于城市地区文化异质性增加，传统性别角色划分不那么清晰。这些因素表明，农村地区接受治疗的男性与女性的比例应低于非农村地区。研究发现，就治疗发病率而言，农村地区男性与女性的比例显著低于非农村地区（p小于0.01）；就治疗患病率而言，农村地区男性与女性的比例低于非农村地区，尽管这未达到统计学显著性。
