Academic Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Curium-LUMC, Endegeesterstraatweg 27, 2342 AK, Oegstgeest, The Netherlands,
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2013 Dec;22(12):745-55. doi: 10.1007/s00787-013-0410-1. Epub 2013 Apr 4.
Childhood psychological trauma is a strong predictor of psychopathology. Preclinical research points to the influence of this type of trauma on brain development. However, the effects of psychological trauma on the developing human brain are less known and a challenging question is whether the effects can be reversed or even prevented. The aim of this review is to give an overview of neuroimaging studies in traumatized juveniles and young adults up till 2012. Neuroimaging studies in children and adolescents with traumatic experiences were found to be scarce. Most studies were performed by a small number of research groups in the United States and examined structural abnormalities. The reduction in hippocampal volume reported in adults with PTSD could not be confirmed in juveniles. The most consistent finding in children and adolescents, who experienced psychological trauma are structural abnormalities of the corpus callosum. We could not identify any studies investigating treatment effects. Neuroimaging studies in traumatized children and adolescents clearly lag behind studies in traumatized adults as well as studies on ADHD and autism.
儿童期心理创伤是精神病理学的一个强有力的预测因子。临床前研究指出，这种类型的创伤对大脑发育有影响。然而，人们对心理创伤对发育中人类大脑的影响知之甚少，一个具有挑战性的问题是，这些影响是否可以逆转，甚至是否可以预防。本综述的目的是概述截至 2012 年创伤青少年和年轻成人的神经影像学研究。研究发现，有创伤经历的儿童和青少年的神经影像学研究很少。大多数研究是由美国的少数几个研究小组进行的，研究的是结构异常。在 PTSD 成年人中报告的海马体体积减少在青少年中无法得到证实。在经历心理创伤的儿童和青少年中，最一致的发现是胼胝体的结构异常。我们没有发现任何研究调查治疗效果。创伤儿童和青少年的神经影像学研究明显落后于创伤成人的研究，以及注意力缺陷多动障碍和自闭症的研究。
