University of Bonn, Department of Psychology, Unit of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Kaiser-Karl-Ring 9, 53111 Bonn, Germany.
Infant Behav Dev. 2013 Jun;36(3):329-43. doi: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2013.02.002. Epub 2013 Apr 1.
In this short-term longitudinal study, infants were examined for their natural preference of a square defined by crossed horizontal disparity (either 1° or 0.5°) over a square defined by a vertical disparity (either 1° or 0.5°). The square targets were embedded in a dynamic random dot stereogram. The stimuli were presented on an autostereoscopic monitor equipped with a face-tracking device. The infants were tested weekly between 6 and 16 weeks of age. Four experiments were conducted. In two experiments, the infants were examined with the forced-choice preferential looking (FPL) method for their ability to perceive either 1° or 0.5° horizontal disparity. In the remaining two experiments, the classical natural preference (CNP) method (measurement of looking times) was applied. According to the results of the FPL experiments, mean relative preference for the horizontal disparity square became significant at 8 weeks of age. The CNP data indicated an onset of stereopsis at 12-15 weeks. The mean relative preferences for horizontal disparity indicated by the CNP method were smaller than those found in the FPL experiments. Thus, the FPL method was more sensitive than the CNP method in the measurement of infant responsiveness to crossed horizontal disparity.
在这项短期纵向研究中，我们对婴儿的自然偏好进行了检查，即他们更喜欢由交叉水平视差（1°或 0.5°）定义的正方形，而不是由垂直视差（1°或 0.5°）定义的正方形。这些正方形目标被嵌入动态随机点立体图中。刺激在配备面部跟踪设备的自动立体显示器上呈现。婴儿在 6 至 16 周龄之间每周接受一次测试。进行了四项实验。在两项实验中，婴儿使用强制选择偏好注视（FPL）方法测试感知 1°或 0.5°水平视差的能力。在其余两项实验中，应用了经典自然偏好（CNP）方法（注视时间测量）。根据 FPL 实验的结果，8 周龄时，对水平视差正方形的平均相对偏好变得显著。CNP 数据表明立体视在 12-15 周时开始出现。CNP 方法指示的水平视差的平均相对偏好小于 FPL 实验中发现的水平视差。因此，FPL 方法在测量婴儿对交叉水平视差的反应时比 CNP 方法更敏感。
