Gwiazda J, Bauer J, Held R
Massachusetts Institute of Technology Infant Vision Laboratory, Cambridge 02139.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 1989 May-Jun;26(3):128-32. doi: 10.3928/0191-3913-19890501-08.
Studies of stereopsis in infants have shown that the average age of onset is 3.5 months. This is the same age at which infants first show evidence of another binocular function, namely, preference for binocularly fusible patterns over rivalrous ones. We tracked the development, using two-alternative forced-choice preferential looking, of the two forms of binocular function in 17 infants, 11 male and six female. They were tested at regular intervals until they showed preferences for 1) a fusible pattern (vertical stripes presented to each eye) over a rivalrous one (vertical stripes presented to one eye, horizontal stripes to the other), and 2) a line stereogram of 32 min crossed disparity over a comparable stereogram with zero disparity. The correlation between the age of onset of the fusion preference (mean 12.4 weeks) and the age of onset of stereopsis (mean 11.0 weeks) was r = 0.79. Female infants showed a preference for the fusible stimulus at a mean age of 9.9 weeks, significantly earlier than the males at a mean age of 13.8 weeks. Similarly, females also showed evidence of stereopsis at an earlier age (9.1 weeks compared with 12.1 weeks for males).
对婴儿立体视觉的研究表明，其平均发病年龄为3.5个月。这与婴儿首次表现出另一种双眼功能（即对双眼可融合模式优于竞争模式的偏好）的年龄相同。我们使用二选一强迫选择优先注视法，对17名婴儿（11名男性和6名女性）的两种双眼功能的发展进行了追踪。对他们进行定期测试，直到他们表现出对以下两种情况的偏好：1）可融合模式（向每只眼睛呈现垂直条纹）优于竞争模式（向一只眼睛呈现垂直条纹，向另一只眼睛呈现水平条纹）；2）具有32分钟交叉视差的线条立体图优于具有零视差的类似立体图。融合偏好的发病年龄（平均12.4周）与立体视觉的发病年龄（平均11.0周）之间的相关性为r = 0.79。女婴对可融合刺激的偏好平均年龄为9.9周，明显早于男婴的平均年龄13.8周。同样，女性在更早的年龄（9.1周，而男性为12.1周）也表现出立体视觉的迹象。
