Division of Nutrition, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Bangalore, India.
Indian J Med Res. 2013 Feb;137(2):324-30.
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Iron deficiency (ID) affects a large number of women in India. An inverse relationship exists between iron (Fe) status and Fe absorption. Dietary inhibitory and enhancing factors exert a profound influence on bioavailability of Fe. Although the current recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for Fe is based on 8 per cent bioavailability, it is not clear if this holds good for the usual highly inhibitory Indian diet matrix. This study was aimed to determine Fe absorption from several habitually consumed south Indian food and to evaluate the interaction of Fe status with absorption.
Four Fe absorption studies were performed on 60 apparently healthy young women, aged 18-35 years. Based on blood biochemistry, 45 of them were ID and 15 were iron replete (IR). The habitual meals assessed were rice, millet and wheat based meals in the ID subjects and rice based meal alone in the IR subjects. Each subject received the test meal labelled with 3 mg of ⁵⁷Fe and Fe absorption was measured based on erythrocyte incorporation of isotope label 14 days following administration.
Mean fractional Fe absorption from the rice, wheat and millet based meals in the ID subjects were 8.3, 11.2 and 4.6 per cent, respectively. Fe absorption from the rice-based meals was 2.5 per cent in IR subjects.
INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSIONS: Fe absorption is dictated by Fe status from low bioavailability meals. Millet based meals have the lowest bioavailability, while the rice and wheat based meals had moderate to good bioavailability. In millet based meals, it is prudent to consider ways to improve Fe absorption.
缺铁（ID）影响了印度大量女性。铁（Fe）状态与 Fe 吸收之间存在反比关系。膳食抑制和促进因素对 Fe 的生物利用度有深远影响。尽管目前 Fe 的推荐膳食允许量（RDA）基于 8%的生物利用度，但尚不清楚这是否适用于通常具有高度抑制性的印度饮食基质。本研究旨在确定几种习惯性食用的南印度食物中的 Fe 吸收，并评估 Fe 状态与吸收的相互作用。
对 60 名年龄在 18-35 岁之间的明显健康年轻女性进行了 4 项 Fe 吸收研究。根据血液生化指标，其中 45 名为 ID，15 名为铁充足（IR）。评估的习惯性餐食为 ID 受试者的米饭、小米和小麦餐食，以及 IR 受试者的单独米饭餐食。每位受试者均接受了标记有 3mg⁵⁷Fe 的测试餐食，并在给药后 14 天根据红细胞同位素标记的掺入来测量 Fe 吸收。
ID 受试者中，米饭、小麦和小米餐食的平均 Fe 吸收率分别为 8.3%、11.2%和 4.6%。IR 受试者中，米饭餐的 Fe 吸收率为 2.5%。
Fe 吸收受低生物利用度膳食的 Fe 状态决定。小米餐的生物利用度最低，而米饭和小麦餐的生物利用度则适中或良好。在小米餐中，需要考虑提高 Fe 吸收的方法。
