Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, 1 Water Tower Drive, The Ridges, Athens, OH 45701, USA.
Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2013 Jun;9(6):346-56. doi: 10.1038/nrendo.2013.64. Epub 2013 Apr 9.
Obesity has become one of the most common medical problems in developed countries, and this disorder is associated with high incidences of hypertension, dyslipidaemia, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus and specific cancers. Growth hormone (GH) stimulates the production of insulin-like growth factor 1 in most tissues, and together GH and insulin-like growth factor 1 exert powerful collective actions on fat, protein and glucose metabolism. Clinical trials assessing the effects of GH treatment in patients with obesity have shown consistent reductions in total adipose tissue mass, in particular abdominal and visceral adipose tissue depots. Moreover, studies in patients with abdominal obesity demonstrate a marked effect of GH therapy on body composition and on lipid and glucose homeostasis. Therefore, administration of recombinant human GH or activation of endogenous GH production has great potential to influence the onset and metabolic consequences of obesity. However, the clinical use of GH is not without controversy, given conflicting results regarding its effects on glucose metabolism. This Review provides an introduction to the role of GH in obesity and summarizes clinical and preclinical data that describe how GH can influence the obese state.
肥胖已成为发达国家最常见的医学问题之一，这种病症与高血压、血脂异常、心血管疾病、2 型糖尿病和特定癌症的高发率相关。生长激素（GH）刺激大多数组织中胰岛素样生长因子 1 的产生，GH 和胰岛素样生长因子 1 共同对脂肪、蛋白质和葡萄糖代谢发挥强大的协同作用。评估 GH 治疗肥胖患者效果的临床试验显示，总脂肪组织质量持续减少，特别是腹部和内脏脂肪组织储存量减少。此外，在腹部肥胖患者的研究中，GH 治疗对身体成分以及脂质和葡萄糖稳态有显著影响。因此，重组人生长激素的给药或内源性 GH 产生的激活具有很大的潜力来影响肥胖的发生和代谢后果。然而，由于 GH 对葡萄糖代谢的影响存在相互矛盾的结果，GH 的临床应用并非没有争议。本综述介绍了 GH 在肥胖中的作用，并总结了描述 GH 如何影响肥胖状态的临床和临床前数据。
