Pape W J, Hoppe U
Paul Gerson Unna Institute for Skin Research, Beiersdorf (BDF) AG, Hamburg, Fed. Rep. of Germany.
Arzneimittelforschung. 1990 Apr;40(4):498-502.
A new bovine red blood cell (RBC) test is presented as a biological in vitro assay for rapid assessment of the membrane and protein damaging effects of tensides. The system uses the hemoglobin released during RBC damage as an indicator to determine quantitatively the concentration at which the tensioactive agents affect and disrupt the plasma membrane. The spectrophotometric assay also considers the denaturation of hemoglobin caused by high concentrations of the tensides. Thus besides the halfmaximal concentrations to cause hemolysis (H50), a denaturation index (DI in %) can be determined for each test agent. The RBC assay was validated by assessing the H50 and DI for 30 randomly selected tensioactive agents from various sources and comparing the in vitro effects with their local irritant activity as assessed by the Draize test in the conjuntiva of conscious rabbits. The relationship between H50 and DI values, expressed as the lysis/denaturation ratio, was found to give a ranking order that best characterized the membrane damaging potency of the agents tested. Tensides known to possess ocular irritancy in the Draize test were characterized by a low lysis/denaturation ratio.
本文介绍了一种新的牛红细胞（RBC）检测方法，作为一种生物体外试验，用于快速评估表面活性剂对膜和蛋白质的损伤作用。该系统利用红细胞损伤过程中释放的血红蛋白作为指标，定量测定表面活性剂影响和破坏质膜的浓度。分光光度法还考虑了高浓度表面活性剂引起的血红蛋白变性。因此，除了引起溶血的半数最大浓度（H50）外，还可以为每种受试剂确定一个变性指数（DI，%）。通过评估30种从不同来源随机选择的表面活性剂的H50和DI，并将其体外效应与其在清醒家兔结膜上通过Draize试验评估的局部刺激活性进行比较，对红细胞检测进行了验证。发现H50和DI值之间的关系（以裂解/变性比表示）给出了一个排序顺序，该排序顺序最能表征受试剂的膜损伤能力。在Draize试验中已知具有眼刺激性的表面活性剂的特征是裂解/变性比低。
