Lagarto A, Vega R, Vega Y, Guerra I, González R
Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, UCTB Control Biológico, 17 No. 6208 e/ 62 y 64 Playa, 11300 Ciudad Habana, Cuba.
Toxicol In Vitro. 2006 Jun;20(4):529-33. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2005.10.001. Epub 2005 Nov 15.
Red blood cell assay (RBC) is used to estimate potential irritation of tensioactive agents and detergents. Cell membrane lysis and cell protein denaturation are measured photometrically. This study was aimed to determine if rat blood cells can be used to predict eye potential irritation in the same way of calves blood cells in RBC assay.
We evaluated 20 cosmetic formulations using rat and calves blood according to INVITOX protocol No 37. Data of media hemolysis concentration, denaturation index and the ratio of both parameters were compared with in vivo data of eye irritancy.
There was a significant difference (p<0.01) between H50 value when evaluated the standard SDS with red blood cell method in rat and calves blood. According to the exact probability of Fisher taking as approach the acceptance or rejection of the substance there are no significant differences between in vitro assay with calves blood and in vivo results. Not happening the same way for the RBC assay with rat blood where significant differences were obtained (p<0.01) among the classification of in vitro and in vivo test.
The RBC assay using calves blood showed better results. Several test substances were false negatives with rat blood. This high false negative rate would be correctly identified by the animal test but it may also lead to increased animal consumption. For that RBC assay with calf blood cells is preferable to the employment of rat blood as screening method with a reduction and refinement strategy.
红细胞检测（RBC）用于评估表面活性剂和洗涤剂的潜在刺激性。通过光度法测量细胞膜裂解和细胞蛋白质变性。本研究旨在确定在红细胞检测中，大鼠血细胞是否能像小牛血细胞一样用于预测眼部潜在刺激性。
我们根据INVITOX协议第37号，使用大鼠和小牛血液评估了20种化妆品配方。将培养基溶血浓度、变性指数以及这两个参数的比值数据与眼部刺激性的体内数据进行比较。
用大鼠和小牛血液的红细胞方法评估标准SDS时，H50值之间存在显著差异（p<0.01）。根据Fisher精确概率法判断物质的接受或拒绝情况，小牛血液的体外检测与体内结果之间没有显著差异。而大鼠血液的红细胞检测则不同，体外和体内试验分类之间存在显著差异（p<0.01）。
使用小牛血液的红细胞检测显示出更好的结果。几种测试物质用大鼠血液检测时出现假阴性。这种高假阴性率在动物试验中可能会被正确识别，但也可能导致动物消耗增加。因此，采用小牛血细胞的红细胞检测作为筛选方法，结合减少和优化策略，比使用大鼠血液更可取。
