Logemann J A, Curro F A, Pauloski B, Gensler G
Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
Oral Dis. 2013 Nov;19(8):733-7. doi: 10.1111/odi.12104. Epub 2013 Apr 11.
Difficulty with oropharyngeal swallow requires careful diagnosis and treatment from a team of professionals including the patients' physicians and the speech-language pathologist specializing in dysphagia. The dentist can be a critical team member in prevention, early identification, and management of oropharyngeal dysphagia. This manuscript reviews the physiology of normal oropharyngeal swallow and the effects of normal aging on this physiology. Typical etiologies for oropharyngeal dysphagia are defined as is the most commonly used physiologic diagnostic procedure, the modified barium swallow (MBS). The critical role of the dentist in identifying risk of oropharyngeal dysphagia, making appropriate referrals, and improving oral hygiene to prevent aspiration pneumonia in the elderly is discussed.
口咽吞咽困难需要由包括患者的医生和专门从事吞咽困难治疗的言语病理学家在内的专业团队进行仔细的诊断和治疗。牙医在口咽吞咽困难的预防、早期识别和管理中可能是关键的团队成员。本文回顾了正常口咽吞咽的生理学以及正常衰老对该生理学的影响。定义了口咽吞咽困难的典型病因，以及最常用的生理学诊断程序——改良钡餐吞咽检查（MBS）。讨论了牙医在识别口咽吞咽困难风险、进行适当转诊以及改善口腔卫生以预防老年人吸入性肺炎方面的关键作用。
