Schoenbaum G M, Martin R J, Roane D S
Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens 30602.
Brain Res Bull. 1990 Apr;24(4):565-8. doi: 10.1016/0361-9230(90)90160-2.
Sprague-Dawley rats were allowed ad lib access to a 20% sucrose solution in addition to their normal diet to investigate the relationship between the prolonged consumption of a high carbohydrate diet and opioid function as evidenced by opioid dependence and withdrawal. Morphine dependence, assayed by tailflick, was induced, followed by naloxone-precipitated withdrawal, gauged by weight loss. Sucrose-fed animals developed lowered pain thresholds prior to dependence induction relative to those of control animals, but failed to exhibit any differences from controls in the development of dependence. Weight loss during withdrawal was increased by the discontinuation of sustained sucrose-feeding. In addition, the induction of dependence first decreased, then increased the animals' preference for sucrose. It is concluded that changes in opioid function caused by sustained sucrose-feeding are insufficient to affect the development of tolerance to morphine analgesia, but do aggravate the symptoms of precipitated withdrawal when access to sucrose is denied prior to the injection of naloxone.
斯普拉格-道利大鼠在正常饮食之外可随意摄取20%的蔗糖溶液，以研究高碳水化合物饮食的长期摄入与阿片类药物功能之间的关系，阿片类药物依赖和戒断即为这种关系的证据。通过甩尾试验测定吗啡依赖性，随后通过体重减轻来衡量纳洛酮诱发的戒断反应。与对照动物相比，喂食蔗糖的动物在诱导依赖之前痛阈降低，但在依赖发展过程中与对照动物没有表现出任何差异。持续喂食蔗糖的中断会增加戒断期间的体重减轻。此外，依赖的诱导首先降低，然后增加了动物对蔗糖的偏好。得出的结论是，持续喂食蔗糖引起的阿片类药物功能变化不足以影响对吗啡镇痛的耐受性发展，但在注射纳洛酮之前拒绝给予蔗糖时，确实会加重诱发戒断的症状。
