Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging.
Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Cell Metab. 2013 May 7;17(5):644-656. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.03.008. Epub 2013 Apr 11.
Fat distribution is closely linked to metabolic disease risk. Distribution varies with sex, genetic background, disease state, certain drugs and hormones, development, and aging. Preadipocyte replication and differentiation, developmental gene expression, susceptibility to apoptosis and cellular senescence, vascularity, inflammatory cell infiltration, and adipokine secretion vary among depots, as do fatty-acid handling and mechanisms of enlargement with positive-energy and loss with negative-energy balance. How interdepot differences in these molecular, cellular, and pathophysiological properties are related is incompletely understood. Whether fat redistribution causes metabolic disease or whether it is a marker of underlying processes that are primarily responsible is an open question.
脂肪分布与代谢性疾病风险密切相关。分布因性别、遗传背景、疾病状态、某些药物和激素、发育和衰老而有所不同。前脂肪细胞的复制和分化、发育基因表达、对细胞凋亡和细胞衰老的易感性、血管生成、炎症细胞浸润以及脂肪因子的分泌在不同的脂肪组织中存在差异，脂肪酸的处理以及在正能平衡和负能平衡时增大和减少的机制也存在差异。这些分子、细胞和病理生理特性的不同脂肪组织间差异是如何相关的，目前尚不完全清楚。脂肪重新分布是导致代谢性疾病的原因，还是仅仅是潜在过程的一个标志物，而这些潜在过程才是主要负责的因素，这仍是一个悬而未决的问题。
