Department of Psychology, Scripps College, Claremont, CA 91711, USA.
Psychol Aging. 2013 Jun;28(2):522-8. doi: 10.1037/a0032176. Epub 2013 Apr 15.
Ten measures of speed of processing were administered to 157 individuals, aged 18 to 89 years. The 10 measures comprised five pairs, each of which had a paper-and-pencil and a computer, reaction time (RT) based version of the same measure. Three measures of working memory span were also administered. Two structural equation models were fit to the speed data, one with a single latent variable, speed, and another, nested-factor model in which there were also latent variables for the two methods of measurement. The model with the method latent variables provided a better fit. Age was more strongly related to the method latent variables than to the general speed latent variable. Adding the working memory measures showed that there was also shared variance in those measures beyond the general latent variable, also related to age. The results show that any single measure of speed includes variance due to speed but also to the method of measurement. Use of a latent variable approach to speed is recommended.
157 名年龄在 18 至 89 岁的个体接受了 10 项速度处理测量，这 10 项测量由 5 对组成，每对都有纸笔和计算机，以及相同测量的基于反应时间（RT）的版本。还进行了三种工作记忆跨度的测量。将两个结构方程模型拟合到速度数据中，一个模型具有单个潜在变量速度，另一个嵌套因子模型在其中也具有测量的两种方法的潜在变量。具有方法潜在变量的模型提供了更好的拟合度。年龄与方法潜在变量的关系比与一般速度潜在变量的关系更密切。添加工作记忆测量结果表明，这些测量结果除了与年龄相关的一般潜在变量之外，还有共享方差。结果表明，任何单一的速度测量都包含由于速度但也由于测量方法而产生的方差。建议使用潜在变量方法来衡量速度。
