Alessandri J M, Arfi T S, Thevenoux J, Léger C L
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1990 May;10(4):504-15. doi: 10.1097/00005176-199005000-00015.
The lipid components of columnar cells harvested from rat small intestine were analyzed at each step of cell maturation. The effect of dietary lipids on the evolution of lipids in differentiating cells was studied using two diets representative either of a control or of an essential polyunsaturated fatty acid deficient lipid supply. Two groups of weanling rats were fed a semisynthetic diet composed of corn oil (control diet) or hydrogenated coconut oil (deficient diet) for 11 weeks. Intestinal cells were extracted according to their position along the villus column. Linoleic and arachidonic acids constitutive of cell phospholipids increased as cells migrated from the lower to the mid-part of the crypt-villus axis only with the control diet. This gradient disappeared after a 3-week feeding period with hydrogenated coconut oil diet so that columnar cells of essential fatty acid deficient rats exhibited the same overall fatty acid composition all along the crypt-villus axis. Essential fatty acid deficiency resulted in an increase of both the triene to tetraene and arachidonic acid to linoleic acid weight ratios regardless of the maturational step of cells. As compared to the control diet, the essential fatty acid deficient diet induced a decrease of both the cholesterol and free fatty acid to phospholipid molar ratios only in lower villus cells. We conclude that (a) progressive compositional modifications of lipids occur while ascending the crypt-villus axis and (b) essential fatty acid deficiency induces substantial alterations of the lipid evolution normally linked to cell differentiation.
在细胞成熟的每个阶段，对从大鼠小肠收获的柱状细胞的脂质成分进行了分析。使用两种分别代表对照或必需多不饱和脂肪酸缺乏脂质供应的饮食，研究了饮食脂质对分化细胞中脂质演变的影响。两组断奶大鼠分别喂食由玉米油（对照饮食）或氢化椰子油（缺乏饮食）组成的半合成饮食11周。根据肠细胞沿绒毛柱的位置进行提取。仅在对照饮食中，随着细胞从隐窝 - 绒毛轴的下部迁移到中部，细胞磷脂中的亚油酸和花生四烯酸含量增加。在喂食氢化椰子油饮食3周后，这种梯度消失，因此必需脂肪酸缺乏大鼠的柱状细胞在整个隐窝 - 绒毛轴上表现出相同的总体脂肪酸组成。无论细胞的成熟阶段如何，必需脂肪酸缺乏都会导致三烯与四烯以及花生四烯酸与亚油酸重量比增加。与对照饮食相比，必需脂肪酸缺乏饮食仅在绒毛下部细胞中导致胆固醇和游离脂肪酸与磷脂摩尔比降低。我们得出结论：（a）在沿隐窝 - 绒毛轴上升时，脂质会发生逐渐的成分改变；（b）必需脂肪酸缺乏会导致通常与细胞分化相关的脂质演变发生实质性改变。
