Br J Psychol. 1986 Aug;77(3):343-50. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8295.1986.tb02201.x.
Mood biasing – the tendency to remember information consistent with one's prevailing mood – was demonstrated in an experiment in which mood-induced subjects recalled personal experiences and a list of self-descriptive personality traits based on a bogus personality test. Elated subjects recalled more positive experiences and traits while depressed subjects recalled more negative experiences and traits. A second experiment assessed the contribution of demand characteristics to mood biasing. Mood-induced subjects told that people who experience mood induction tend to remember information contrary to their mood did not show any mood selectivity effect for the recall of personality traits but did show the usual mood-dependent retrieval effect for recall of personal experiences. The relevance of the mood-induction paradigm to mood biasing in clinical depression is discussed.
心境偏向——即人们倾向于记住与自己当前心境一致的信息——在一项实验中得到了证明。在该实验中，通过诱导情绪的方式让被试回忆个人经历和一份基于虚假人格测试的自我描述人格特质列表。兴高采烈的被试回忆起更多积极的经历和特质，而情绪低落的被试则回忆起更多消极的经历和特质。第二项实验评估了需求特征对心境偏向的影响。在告诉被试，经历情绪诱导的人往往会记住与自己的情绪相反的信息之后，被试在回忆人格特质时并没有表现出任何心境选择性效应，但在回忆个人经历时确实表现出了通常的心境依赖检索效应。讨论了这种情绪诱导范式与临床抑郁症中的心境偏向的相关性。
