Ellis H C, Thomas R L, McFarland A D, Lane J W
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 1985 Apr;11(2):363-70. doi: 10.1037//0278-7393.11.2.363.
The effect of an experimentally induced depressed mood state on recall of target words embedded in sentences was examined. The objective was to determine if the induction of a depressed mood can affect output or retrieval from episodic memory. The experimental sequence was as follows: All subjects studied a list of either elaborated or base sentences, rating them for complexity, in an incidental retention paradigm; this was followed by the induction of a depressed or neutral (control) mood, using a standard and a short form of the Velten mood induction procedure; finally, subjects were given an unanticipated cued recall test of the target adjectives. In all tests, subjects showed a reduction in recall owing to the depressed mood, which provided evidence for retrieval effects of the mood state. Elaboration led to superior recall of target items, and there was no effect of delayed recall. The results are briefly discussed within the framework of a resource allocation theory.
研究了实验诱导的抑郁情绪状态对句子中嵌入的目标词回忆的影响。目的是确定抑郁情绪的诱导是否会影响情景记忆的输出或提取。实验过程如下：所有受试者在附带性记忆范式中学习一系列详细或基本的句子，并对其复杂性进行评分；随后，使用标准和简短形式的韦尔滕情绪诱导程序诱导抑郁或中性（对照）情绪；最后，对受试者进行目标形容词的意外线索回忆测试。在所有测试中，由于抑郁情绪，受试者的回忆能力下降，这为情绪状态的提取效应提供了证据。详细阐述导致目标项目的回忆更好，并且延迟回忆没有影响。在资源分配理论的框架内简要讨论了结果。
