Division of Nephrology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1830 East Monument Street, Room 416, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2013 May;39(2):365-81. doi: 10.1016/j.rdc.2013.02.004. Epub 2013 Mar 9.
Retroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF) is a condition characterized by the presence of inflammation and fibrosis in the retroperitoneal space, for which no standard diagnostic criteria exist. Historically, treatment has focused on relieving the obstruction with percutaneous or cystoscopic assisted placement of ureteral stents followed by more definitive resolution of ureteric obstruction with open or laparoscopic ureterolysis. However, over the past several years management has shifted from primarily a surgical approach to an immunosuppressive-based therapy aimed at modulation of the immune system. This review focuses on the recent advances in the classification, epidemiology, pathophysiology, pathology, imaging, and treatment of RPF.
腹膜后纤维化 (RPF) 是一种以腹膜后腔炎症和纤维化为特征的疾病，但目前尚无标准的诊断标准。历史上，治疗方法主要集中在通过经皮或膀胱镜辅助放置输尿管支架来缓解梗阻，然后通过开放或腹腔镜输尿管松解术更有效地解决输尿管梗阻。然而，在过去几年中，治疗方法已经从主要的手术方法转变为基于免疫抑制的治疗方法，旨在调节免疫系统。本文回顾了 RPF 的分类、流行病学、病理生理学、病理学、影像学和治疗的最新进展。
