Sabin Vaccine Institute Product Development Partnership, Houston, TX, USA.
Vaccine. 2013 Apr 18;31 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):B227-32. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.11.034.
Hookworm infection is one of the world's most common neglected tropical diseases and a leading cause of iron deficiency anemia in low- and middle-income countries. A Human Hookworm Vaccine is currently being developed by the Sabin Vaccine Institute and is in phase 1 clinical testing. The candidate vaccine is comprised of two recombinant antigens known as Na-GST-1 and Na-APR-1, each of which is an important parasite enzyme required for hookworms to successfully utilize host blood as a source of energy. The recombinant proteins are formulated on Alhydrogel(®) and are being tested in combination with a synthetic Toll-like receptor 4 agonist. The aim of the vaccine is to induce anti-enzyme antibodies that will reduce both host blood loss and the number of hookworms attached to the gut. Transfer of the manufacturing technology to the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ)/Bio-Manguinhos (a Brazilian public sector developing country vaccine manufacturer) is planned, with a clinical development plan that could lead to registration of the vaccine in Brazil. The vaccine would also need to be introduced in the poorest regions of Africa and Asia, where hookworm infection is highly endemic. Ultimately, the vaccine could become an essential tool for achieving hookworm control and elimination, a key target in the 2012 London Declaration on Neglected Tropical Diseases.
钩虫感染是世界上最常见的被忽视热带病之一，也是中低收入国家缺铁性贫血的主要原因。萨宾疫苗研究所目前正在开发一种人类钩虫疫苗，目前正在进行 1 期临床测试。候选疫苗由两种重组抗原组成，分别称为 Na-GST-1 和 Na-APR-1，它们都是钩虫成功利用宿主血液作为能量来源所必需的重要寄生虫酶。重组蛋白在 Alhydrogel(®)上进行配制，并与合成 Toll 样受体 4 激动剂联合进行测试。该疫苗的目的是诱导抗酶抗体，减少宿主失血和附着在肠道上的钩虫数量。计划将制造技术转让给奥斯瓦尔多·克鲁兹基金会（FIOCRUZ）/Bio-Manguinhos（巴西公共部门发展中国家疫苗制造商），并制定临床开发计划，以便在巴西注册该疫苗。该疫苗还需要在非洲和亚洲受钩虫感染高度流行的最贫困地区推出。最终，该疫苗可能成为控制和消除钩虫的重要工具，这是 2012 年伦敦被忽视热带病宣言中的一个关键目标。
