Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 3, Brno 62500, Czech Republic.
Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2013 Mar;238(3):271-5. doi: 10.1177/1535370213480711.
Cell cycle represents not only a tightly orchestrated mechanism of cell replication and cell division but it also plays an important role in regulation of cell fate decision. Particularly in the context of pluripotent stem cells or multipotent progenitor cells, regulation of cell fate decision is of paramount importance. It has been shown that human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) show unique cell cycle characteristics, such as short doubling time due to abbreviated G1 phase; these properties change with the onset of differentiation. This review summarizes the current understanding of cell cycle regulation in hESCs. We discuss cell cycle properties as well as regulatory machinery governing cell cycle progression of undifferentiated hESCs. Additionally, we provide evidence that long-term culture of hESCs is accompanied by changes in cell cycle properties as well as configuration of several cell cycle regulatory molecules.
细胞周期不仅代表了细胞复制和细胞分裂的一种紧密协调的机制，而且在调节细胞命运决定方面也起着重要作用。特别是在多能干细胞或多能祖细胞的情况下，调节细胞命运决定至关重要。已经表明，人类胚胎干细胞（hESC）表现出独特的细胞周期特征，例如由于 G1 期缩短而导致的较短的倍增时间；这些特性随着分化的开始而改变。本综述总结了目前对 hESC 中细胞周期调控的认识。我们讨论了未分化 hESC 中控制细胞周期进程的细胞周期特性和调控机制。此外，我们提供的证据表明，hESC 的长期培养伴随着细胞周期特性以及几种细胞周期调控分子的构象的变化。
