School of Psychological Sciences, University of Manchester, UK.
Crisis. 2013 Jan 1;34(4):273-81. doi: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000194.
Suicide has been conceived as involving a continuum, whereby suicidal plans and acts emerge from thoughts about suicide. Suicide prevention strategies need to determine whether different responses are needed at these points on the continuum.
This study investigates factors that were perceived to counter suicidal ideation, plans, and acts.
The 36 participants, all of whom had had experiences of psychosis and some level of suicidality, were presented with a vignette describing a protagonist with psychotic symptoms. They were asked to indicate what would counter the suicidal thoughts, plans, and acts of the protagonist described in the vignette. Qualitative techniques were first used to code these free responses into themes/categories. Correspondence analysis was then applied to the frequency of responses in each of these categories.
Social support was identified as a strong counter to suicidal ideation but not as a counter to suicidal plans or acts. Help from health professionals was strongly related to the cessation of suicidal plans as were the opinions of the protagonist's children. Changing cognitions and strengthening psychological resources were more weakly associated with the cessation of suicidal ideation and plans. The protagonist's children were considered potentially helpful in addressing suicidal acts.
These results suggest that both overlapping and nonoverlapping factors need to be considered in understanding suicide prevention, dependent on whether individuals are thinking about, planning, or attempting suicide.
自杀被认为涉及一个连续体，自杀的计划和行为源于自杀的想法。自杀预防策略需要确定在连续体的这些点上是否需要不同的反应。
本研究调查了被认为可以对抗自杀意念、计划和行为的因素。
36 名参与者都有过精神病和一定程度自杀的经历，他们被呈现了一个描述有精神病症状的主角的情景。要求他们指出什么会阻止情景描述中的主角的自杀想法、计划和行为。首先使用定性技术将这些自由反应编码为主题/类别。然后对每个类别中的反应频率进行对应分析。
社会支持被认为是对抗自杀意念的有力因素，但不是对抗自杀计划或行为的因素。来自卫生专业人员的帮助与停止自杀计划密切相关，主角的孩子的意见也是如此。改变认知和增强心理资源与停止自杀意念和计划的相关性较弱。主角的孩子被认为在处理自杀行为方面可能有帮助。
这些结果表明，在理解自杀预防时，需要考虑重叠和非重叠的因素，这取决于个体是在考虑、计划还是试图自杀。
