Maternal Infant Nursing and Midwifery, St. Luke's College of Nursing, 10-1, Akashi-chou, Chuo-ku, Tokyo104-0044, Japan.
J Community Health. 2013 Aug;38(4):781-90. doi: 10.1007/s10900-013-9679-8.
Language and cultural differences can negatively impact immigrant women's birth experience. However, little is known about their experiences in Japan's highly homogenous culture. This cross-sectional study used survey data from a purposive sampling of immigrant women from 16 hospitals in several Japanese prefectures. Meeting the criteria and recruited to this study were 804 participants consisting of 236 immigrant women: Chinese (n = 83), Brazilian (n = 62), Filipino (n = 43), South Korean (n = 29) and from variety of English speaking nations (n = 19) and 568 Japanese women. The questionnaire was prepared in six languages: Japanese (kana syllables), Chinese, English, Korean, Portuguese, and Tagalog (Filipino). Associations among quality of maternity care, Japanese literacy level, loneliness and care satisfaction were explored using analysis of variance and multiple linear regression. The valid and reliable instruments used were Quality of Care for Pregnancy, Delivery and Postpartum Questionnaire, Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine Japanese version, the revised UCLA Loneliness Scale-Japanese version and Care satisfaction. Care was evaluated across prenatal, labor and delivery and post-partum periods. Immigrant women scored higher than Japanese women for both positive and negative aspects. When loneliness was strongly felt, care satisfaction was lower. Some competence of Japanese literacy was more likely to obstruct positive communication with healthcare providers, and was associated with loneliness. Immigrant women rated overall care as satisfactory. Japanese literacy decreased communication with healthcare providers, and was associated with loneliness presumably because some literacy unreasonably increased health care providers' expectations of a higher level of communication.
语言和文化差异会对移民妇女的分娩体验产生负面影响。然而，在日本这种高度同质化的文化中，她们的体验鲜为人知。本横断面研究使用了来自日本多个县 16 家医院的移民妇女的抽样调查数据。符合标准并被招募参加这项研究的有 804 名参与者，其中包括 236 名移民妇女：中国人（n=83）、巴西人（n=62）、菲律宾人（n=43）、韩国人（n=29）和来自各种英语国家的人（n=19），以及 568 名日本妇女。问卷有六种语言版本：日语（平假名）、中文、英语、韩语、葡萄牙语和菲律宾语（塔加洛语）。使用方差分析和多元线性回归探讨了产妇保健质量、日语读写能力、孤独感和护理满意度之间的关系。使用的有效和可靠的工具是妊娠、分娩和产后护理质量问卷、成人医学日语快速估计读写能力测试、修订后的 UCLA 孤独感量表-日语版和护理满意度量表。护理评估涵盖了产前、分娩和产后各个阶段。移民妇女在积极和消极方面的得分均高于日本妇女。当感到强烈的孤独感时，护理满意度会降低。一些日语读写能力的掌握可能会阻碍与医疗保健提供者的积极沟通，并与孤独感相关。移民妇女对整体护理满意度较高。日语读写能力降低了与医疗保健提供者的沟通，并且与孤独感相关，这可能是因为一些读写能力不合理地增加了医疗保健提供者对更高水平沟通的期望。
