Sámano Reyna, Zelonka Rosa, Martínez-Rojano Hugo, Sánchez-Jiménez Bernarda, Ramírez Cristina, Ovando Georgina
Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia, Universidad Iberoamericana, Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela de Dietética y Nutrición del Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado, Mexico, Ciudad de México, México.
Arch Latinoam Nutr. 2012 Jun;62(2):145-54.
The body self-perception and its dissatisfaction are related with the risk for developing abnormal eating behaviors (AEB), especially in eating disorders (ED) in adolescents. The objective of this study was to identify the relationship between dietary habits and the risk for AEB and their association with body mass index (BMI) in a group of adolescents in the metropolitan area of Mexico City. It was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted with a sample of 671 adolescents, both sex, between 12 and 15 years. A validated questionnaire was used to assess the risk for developing AEB. BMI was obtained, and information from the practice and knowledge of food consumption was available. The prevalence of the risk for developing AEB in this study was 12%. It showed that 48% of participants were overweight or obese, 20% did not eat breakfast, 16% took their food without doing other activity simultaneously (p = 0.012). The variables associated with the risk AEB, for developing of ED were doing any activity simultaneously with food intake (OR: 4.23 p = 0.006), overweight-obesity (OR: 2.59 p = 0001), eating without company (OR: 2.04 p = 0.005), not eating fruit (OR: 1.96 = 0.008) or milk (OR:1.79 p = 0.026), being female (OR: 1.74 p = 0.024) and skipping breakfast (OR: 1.57 p = 0,035). Food intake differed with what themselves recommended being healthy, which was lower in vegetables, fruits, leguminous and higher in sugars, fats and soda. We conclude there is a relationship between BMI and the risk for developing AEB. There was no consistency between what adolescents say they should eat to be healthy and what they eat.
身体自我认知及其不满情绪与发展异常饮食行为（AEB）的风险相关，尤其是在青少年饮食失调（ED）方面。本研究的目的是确定墨西哥城大都市区一组青少年的饮食习惯与AEB风险之间的关系，以及它们与体重指数（BMI）的关联。这是一项描述性横断面研究，对671名年龄在12至15岁之间的青少年（男女皆有）进行了抽样。使用经过验证的问卷来评估发展AEB的风险。获取了BMI，并获得了食物消费实践和知识方面的信息。本研究中发展AEB风险的患病率为12%。结果显示，48%的参与者超重或肥胖，20%不吃早餐，16%在进食时不进行其他活动（p = 0.012）。与发展ED的AEB风险相关的变量包括进食时同时进行任何活动（OR：4.23，p = 0.006）、超重-肥胖（OR：2.59，p = 0.001）、独自进食（OR：2.04，p = 0.005）、不吃水果（OR：1.96，p = 0.008）或牛奶（OR：1.79，p = 0.026）、女性（OR：1.74，p = 0.024）以及不吃早餐（OR：1.57，p = 0.035）。食物摄入量与他们自己推荐的健康饮食不同，蔬菜、水果、豆类摄入量较低，而糖、脂肪和苏打水摄入量较高。我们得出结论，BMI与发展AEB的风险之间存在关联。青少年所说的为保持健康应吃的食物与他们实际吃的食物之间没有一致性。
