State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China.
Analyst. 2013 Jun 7;138(11):3172-80. doi: 10.1039/c3an00237c.
We report here a general approach to synthesizing dendrimer-stabilized bismuth sulfide nanoparticles (Bi2S3 DSNPs) for potential computed tomography (CT) imaging applications. In this study, ethylenediamine core glycidol hydroxyl-terminated generation 4 poly(amidoamine) dendrimers (G4.NGlyOH) were used as stabilizers to first complex the Bi(III) ions, followed by reaction with hydrogen sulfide to generate Bi2S3 DSNPs. By varying the molar ratio of Bi atom to dendrimer, stable Bi2S3 DSNPs with an average size range of 5.2-5.7 nm were formed. The formed Bi2S3 DSNPs were characterized via different techniques. X-ray absorption coefficient measurements show that the attenuation of Bi2S3 DSNPs is much higher than that of iodine-based CT contrast agent at the same molar concentration of the active element (Bi versus iodine). 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cell viability assay and hemolysis assay reveal that the formed Bi2S3 DSNPs are noncytotoxic and have a negligible hemolysis effect in the studied concentration range. Furthermore, we show that cells incubated with the Bi2S3 DSNPs are able to be imaged using CT, a prominent enhancement at the point of rabbit injected subcutaneously with the Bi2S3 DSNPs is able to be visualized via CT scanning, and the mouse's pulmonary vein can be visualized via CT after intravenous injection of the Bi2S3 DSNPs. With the good biocompatibility, enhanced X-ray attenuation property, and tunable dendrimer chemistry, the designed Bi2S3 DSNPs should be able to be further functionalized, allowing them to be used as a highly efficient contrast agent for CT imaging of different biological systems.
我们在此报告了一种合成树枝状大分子稳定的硫化铋纳米粒子（Bi2S3 DSNPs）的通用方法，用于潜在的计算机断层扫描（CT）成像应用。在这项研究中，乙二胺核心缩水甘油基羟基封端的第 4 代聚（酰胺-胺）树枝状大分子（G4.NGlyOH）被用作稳定剂，首先与 Bi（III）离子络合，然后与硫化氢反应生成 Bi2S3 DSNPs。通过改变 Bi 原子与树枝状大分子的摩尔比，可以形成平均粒径范围为 5.2-5.7nm 的稳定 Bi2S3 DSNPs。通过不同的技术对形成的 Bi2S3 DSNPs 进行了表征。X 射线吸收系数测量表明，在相同活性元素（Bi 与碘）摩尔浓度下，Bi2S3 DSNPs 的衰减比基于碘的 CT 对比剂高得多。3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐（MTT）细胞活力测定和溶血试验表明，形成的 Bi2S3 DSNPs 无细胞毒性，在所研究的浓度范围内对溶血的影响可以忽略不计。此外，我们表明，用 Bi2S3 DSNPs 孵育的细胞可以通过 CT 成像进行成像，通过 CT 扫描能够在皮下注射 Bi2S3 DSNPs 的兔子部位观察到明显的增强，并且可以通过静脉注射 Bi2S3 DSNPs 观察到小鼠的肺静脉。具有良好的生物相容性、增强的 X 射线衰减特性和可调节的树枝状大分子化学性质，设计的 Bi2S3 DSNPs 应该能够进一步功能化，使它们能够用作不同生物系统 CT 成像的高效对比剂。
