内科医生对成瘾本质的信念：对初级保健医生和精神科医生的调查。
Physicians' Beliefs about the nature of addiction: a survey of primary care physicians and psychiatrists.
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
出版信息
Am J Addict. 2013 May-Jun;22(3):255-60. doi: 10.1111/j.1521-0391.2012.00332.x.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Society debates whether addiction is a disease, a response to psychological woundedness, or moral failing.
METHOD
We surveyed a national sample of 1427 US primary care physicians (PCPs) and 487 psychiatrists, asking "In your judgment, to what extent is alcoholism/drug addiction each of the following? A) a disease B) a response to psychological woundedness C) a result of moral failings."
RESULTS
The response rate was 63% for PCPs and 64% for psychiatrists. More psychiatrists than PCPs consider addiction a disease (64% versus 56%). Some PCPs (31%) and psychiatrists (27%) attribute addiction to psychological woundedness. More psychiatrists than PCPs said addiction is "not at all" due to moral failings (55% versus 39%).
CONCLUSIONS AND SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE
The disease model for addiction is prominent among physicians, but exists alongside beliefs that addiction is a response to psychological woundedness, or a result of moral failings.
背景与目的
社会上对于成瘾是否是一种疾病、对心理创伤的反应还是道德缺陷存在争议。
方法
我们对 1427 名美国初级保健医生（PCP）和 487 名精神科医生进行了一项全国性抽样调查，询问“在您看来，以下程度的酗酒/药物成瘾是：A）一种疾病 B）对心理创伤的反应 C）道德缺陷的结果”。
结果
PCP 的回复率为 63%，精神科医生的回复率为 64%。与 PCP 相比，更多的精神科医生认为成瘾是一种疾病（64%对 56%）。一些 PCP（31%）和精神科医生（27%）将成瘾归因于心理创伤。与 PCP 相比，更多的精神科医生认为成瘾“完全不是”由于道德缺陷（55%对 39%）。
结论和科学意义
成瘾的疾病模型在医生中很突出，但同时也存在成瘾是对心理创伤的反应或道德缺陷的结果的观点。
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