Division of Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0849, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0849, USA,
AIDS Behav. 2013 Oct;17(8):2637-43. doi: 10.1007/s10461-013-0488-y.
The legal environment is one factor that influences injection drug users' (IDUs) risk for HIV and other bloodborne pathogens such as hepatitis C virus (HCV). We examined the association between law enforcement encounters (i.e., arrests and citations) and receptive syringe sharing among IDUs in the context of an intensified policing effort. We conducted a mixed methods analysis of 30 qualitative and 187 quantitative interviews with IDUs accessing services at a Los Angeles, CA syringe exchange program from 2008 to 2009. Qualitative findings illustrate concerns related to visibility, drug withdrawal, and previous history of arrest/incarceration. In quantitative analysis, the number of citations received, current homelessness, and perceiving that being arrested would be a "big problem" were independently associated with recent syringe sharing. Findings illustrate some of the unintended public health consequences associated with intensified street-level policing, including risk for HIV and HCV transmission.
法律环境是影响注射吸毒者（IDU）感染艾滋病毒和其他血源性病原体（如丙型肝炎病毒[HCV]）风险的因素之一。我们研究了在强化执法力度的背景下，执法部门的干预（即逮捕和传讯）与 IDU 接受性使用注射器之间的关系。我们对 2008 年至 2009 年在加利福尼亚州洛杉矶市一个注射器交换项目接受服务的 30 名 IDU 进行了混合方法分析，包括 187 份定量访谈和 30 份定性访谈。定性研究结果说明了与可见度、药物戒断和以前的逮捕/监禁历史相关的问题。在定量分析中，收到的传票数量、当前无家可归和认为被捕将是“大问题”与最近的注射器共享独立相关。研究结果说明了与强化街头执法相关的一些意外公共卫生后果，包括感染艾滋病毒和丙型肝炎的风险。
