Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
Gastroenterology. 2013 Jun;144(6):1241-8. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2013.01.072.
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas comprise a hierarchy of tumor cells that develop around a population of cancer stem cells. The cancer stem cells promote tumor growth and progression through a number of mechanisms, including differentiation into bulk tumor cells, metastasis, alteration of adjacent stromal cells, and evasion of conventional therapies. As with other cancer stem cells, pancreatic cancer stem cells (PCSCs) can be distinguished from bulk tumor cells based on their expression of unique surface markers, abilities to form spheres under nonadherent conditions and tumors in mice, and self-renewal and differentiation capacities. We review the markers used to identify PCSCs, the signaling pathways that regulate PCSC functions, the complex interactions between PCSCs and stromal cells, and approaches to therapeutically target PCSCs and improve treatment of patients with pancreatic cancer.
胰腺导管腺癌由围绕一群癌症干细胞发育的肿瘤细胞组成。癌症干细胞通过多种机制促进肿瘤生长和进展，包括分化为大量肿瘤细胞、转移、改变相邻基质细胞以及逃避常规治疗。与其他癌症干细胞一样，胰腺癌症干细胞 (PCSCs) 可以通过其独特的表面标志物表达、在非贴壁条件下形成球体和在小鼠中形成肿瘤的能力以及自我更新和分化能力来与大量肿瘤细胞区分开来。我们回顾了用于鉴定 PCSCs 的标志物、调节 PCSC 功能的信号通路、PCSCs 与基质细胞之间的复杂相互作用，以及针对 PCSCs 进行治疗性靶向和改善胰腺癌患者治疗的方法。
