Department of Health Sciences, Community and Occupational Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, FA10, room 621, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands.
J Occup Rehabil. 2013 Jun;23(2):170-9. doi: 10.1007/s10926-013-9449-6.
To gain in-depth understanding of the number and type of experienced ageing problems, obstacles to perform work tasks, retention factors to maintain work and support needs to continue working life in the next years among workers aged 45 years and older with and without a chronic health condition.
A survey of workers' perspectives on problems, obstacles, retention factors and needs due to ageing was carried out in 3,008 workers aged 45 years and older in nine different companies. To classify the open-ended questions we used the International Classification of Functioning and disability (ICF).
Older workers with a chronic health condition reported more problems due to ageing (56 vs 34 %; p < .001), more obstacles (42 vs 16 %; p < .001) and more needs (51 vs 31 %; p < .001) compared to those without a chronic health condition. No relevant differences were found on type of experienced problems, obstacles, retention factors and needs between both groups. Problems and obstacles were found on physiological and psychological functions. Retention factors and needs to enhance sustainable working life were particularly reported on work-related environmental factors.
Because workers with a chronic health condition experienced more problems, obstacles and needs, the largest gain of occupational intervention can be achieved in these workers. However, our findings suggest that interventions aimed to enhance sustainable working life of older workers can be similar in content for persons with and without chronic health conditions and should have a central focus on work-related factors.
深入了解有和没有慢性健康状况的 45 岁及以上工人在未来几年中经历的与年龄相关的问题、执行工作任务的障碍、保持工作的保留因素以及继续工作生活的支持需求的数量和类型。
对 9 家不同公司的 3008 名 45 岁及以上工人进行了一项关于因年龄增长而产生的问题、障碍、保留因素和需求的工人观点调查。为了对开放式问题进行分类，我们使用了国际功能、残疾和健康分类（ICF）。
患有慢性健康状况的老年工人报告的与年龄相关的问题（56%比 34%；p<0.001）、障碍（42%比 16%；p<0.001）和需求（51%比 31%；p<0.001）更多。两组在经历的问题、障碍、保留因素和需求的类型方面没有发现相关差异。问题和障碍出现在生理和心理功能上。保留因素和增强可持续工作生活的需求主要报告在与工作相关的环境因素上。
由于患有慢性健康状况的工人经历了更多的问题、障碍和需求，因此职业干预可以在这些工人中获得最大的收益。然而，我们的研究结果表明，旨在增强老年工人可持续工作生活的干预措施在内容上对于有和没有慢性健康状况的人可能是相似的，并且应该以与工作相关的因素为中心。
