生活方式、健康和工作在教育不平等导致的病假和工作生产力损失中的作用。
The role of lifestyle, health, and work in educational inequalities in sick leave and productivity loss at work.
机构信息
Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
出版信息
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2013 Aug;86(6):619-27. doi: 10.1007/s00420-012-0793-1. Epub 2012 Jul 7.
PURPOSE
To investigate the influence of lifestyle, health, and work conditions in the association between education and productivity loss at work and sick leave.
METHODS
Employees of six companies filled out a questionnaire on demographics, lifestyle-related, health, and work-related factors, and productivity loss at work and sick leave at baseline (n = 915) and after 1-year (n = 647).
RESULTS
Employees with a low education were more likely to report productivity loss at work (OR = 1.49, 95 % CI 0.98-2.26) and sick leave (OR = 1.81, 95 % CI 1.15-2.85). After adjustment for lifestyle, health, and work conditions, the association between education and productivity loss at work did not attenuate. Work conditions attenuated the association between low education and sick leave (OR = 1.62, 95 % CI 1.01-2.61), and additional adjustment for health and lifestyle-related factors further reduced the strength of the association (OR = 1.42, 95 % CI 0.86-2.34).
CONCLUSION
Work conditions and lifestyle-related factors partly explained the association between education and sick leave, but did not influence the association between education and productivity loss at work. The educational differences in sick leave prompt for interventions that address behavioral aspects as well as work-related and lifestyle-related factors.
目的
研究生活方式、健康和工作条件对教育与工作生产力损失和病假之间关联的影响。
方法
六家公司的员工填写了一份关于人口统计学、与生活方式相关、健康和工作相关因素以及工作生产力损失和病假的问卷，基线时（n=915）和 1 年后（n=647）。
结果
受教育程度较低的员工更有可能报告工作生产力损失（OR=1.49，95%CI 0.98-2.26）和病假（OR=1.81，95%CI 1.15-2.85）。调整生活方式、健康和工作条件后，教育与工作生产力损失之间的关联并未减弱。工作条件减弱了低教育与病假之间的关联（OR=1.62，95%CI 1.01-2.61），进一步调整健康和与生活方式相关的因素进一步降低了关联的强度（OR=1.42，95%CI 0.86-2.34）。
结论
工作条件和与生活方式相关的因素部分解释了教育与病假之间的关联，但对教育与工作生产力损失之间的关联没有影响。病假方面的教育差异促使采取干预措施，解决行为方面以及与工作相关和与生活方式相关的因素。
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