BMC Infect Dis. 2013 Apr 29;13:192. doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-13-192.
This study aimed to investigate the level of awareness of and factors associated with major infectious diseases in rural China and to provide the most recent baseline data for the prevention and control of these diseases.
This cross-sectional study was carried out in Zhejiang province between December 2010 and April 2011. Participants were recruited from 36 villages and interviewed by doctors from the community health service using a structured questionnaire.
The study sample consisted of 36,377 subjects aged 15 to 80 years old. Study results showed that knowledge of HIV was adequate in 44.21% of rural residents; knowledge of TB was adequate in 52.66% of respondents; and knowledge of HBV was adequate in 60.18% of respondents. People in older age groups and with lower education levels were more likely to have low levels of awareness of these three infectious diseases. Participants in the farming industry had poorer awareness of HIV and HBV, while students and factory workers knew little of TB. The proportions of people reporting being fully satisfied with the control policies for HIV, TB and HBV were 37.70%, 34.25% and 36.12%, respectively.
The level of awareness of HIV, TB and HBV is still low among rural residents. Further national disease control plans for major infectious diseases should emphasise effective and comprehensive health education campaigns to increase public awareness of these diseases in rural areas of China.
本研究旨在调查中国农村地区主要传染病的认知水平和相关因素，为这些疾病的预防和控制提供最新的基线数据。
本横断面研究于 2010 年 12 月至 2011 年 4 月在浙江省进行。研究对象来自 36 个村庄，由社区卫生服务中心的医生使用结构化问卷进行访谈。
研究样本包括 36377 名 15 至 80 岁的居民。研究结果显示，农村居民对 HIV 的认知程度在 44.21%；对 TB 的认知程度在 52.66%；对 HBV 的认知程度在 60.18%。年龄较大和受教育程度较低的人群对这三种传染病的认知水平较低。从事农业的参与者对 HIV 和 HBV 的认知程度较差，而学生和工厂工人对 TB 的了解较少。对 HIV、TB 和 HBV 控制政策完全满意的比例分别为 37.70%、34.25%和 36.12%。
农村居民对 HIV、TB 和 HBV 的认知水平仍然较低。进一步的国家重大传染病控制计划应强调有效和全面的健康教育运动，以提高农村地区公众对这些疾病的认识。
