Gomez Rapson
University of Ballarat, Australia
J Atten Disord. 2016 Apr;20(4):325-34. doi: 10.1177/1087054713485206. Epub 2013 Apr 29.
ADHD and Hyperkinetic Disorder (HKD) have the same 18 symptoms, covering inattention (IA), hyperactivity (HYP), and impulsivity (IMP). This study was aimed at providing descriptive scores for the different symptom groups in these disorders and how these scores varied by age and gender, the percentages of individuals meeting the symptom thresholds for the different ADHD types and HKD, the factor structure, and gender invariance of these symptoms in adults.
To accomplish this, 852 adults provided self-ratings for a scale comprising the 18 ADHD/HKD symptoms.
The findings showed that age and gender had minimal effects on the ADHD symptoms. Also, in terms of symptom counts, 2% had HKD and 6.3% had ADHD (inattentive = 1.6%, hyperactive-impulsive = 2.7%, and combined type = 2.0%). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) provided most support for the three-factor HKD model, involving separate factors for the IA, HYP, and IMP symptoms. This model showed full measurement invariance across gender.
The theoretical and clinical implications of the findings are discussed.
注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）和多动障碍（HKD）具有相同的18种症状，涵盖注意力不集中（IA）、多动（HYP）和冲动（IMP）。本研究旨在为这些障碍中不同症状组提供描述性评分，以及这些评分如何随年龄和性别变化，达到不同类型ADHD和HKD症状阈值的个体百分比，这些症状在成年人中的因子结构以及性别不变性。
为实现这一目标，852名成年人对包含18种ADHD/HKD症状的量表进行了自评。
研究结果表明，年龄和性别对ADHD症状的影响极小。此外，就症状数量而言，2%的人患有HKD，6.3%的人患有ADHD（注意力不集中型 = 1.6%，多动冲动型 = 2.7%，混合型 = 2.0%）。验证性因子分析（CFA）为三因子HKD模型提供了最多支持，该模型涉及IA、HYP和IMP症状的单独因子。该模型显示在性别上具有完全测量不变性。
讨论了研究结果的理论和临床意义。
