Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2013 Jul;89(1 Suppl):13-20. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.12-0751. Epub 2013 Apr 29.
Diarrheal disease causes ∼1.34 million deaths per year among children under 5 years of age globally. We conducted a Health Care Utilization and Attitudes Survey of 1,012 primary caregivers of children aged 0-11, 12-23, and 24-59 months randomly selected from a Demographic Surveillance population in rural Gambia. Point prevalence of diarrhea was 7.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 6.1-9.8); 23.3% had diarrhea within the previous 2 weeks. Caregivers of 81.5% of children with diarrhea sought healthcare outside their home, but only 48.4% of them visited a health center. Only 17.0% (95% CI = 12.1-23.2) of children with diarrhea received oral rehydration solution (ORS) at home. Abbreviated surveys conducted on six occasions over the subsequent 2 years showed no change in prevalence or treatment-seeking behavior. Diarrhea remains a significant problem in rural young Gambian children. Encouraging care-seeking behavior at health centers and promoting ORS use can reduce mortality and morbidity in this population.
腹泻病每年导致全球 5 岁以下儿童死亡约 134 万人。我们对来自冈比亚农村人口监测点的 0-11、12-23 和 24-59 个月龄的 1012 名儿童的主要照顾者进行了一项卫生保健利用和态度调查。腹泻的时点患病率为 7.7%（95%置信区间[CI]为 6.1-9.8）；23.3%的儿童在过去 2 周内腹泻。81.5%腹泻儿童的照顾者在家外寻求医疗保健，但只有 48.4%的人去了卫生中心。仅有 17.0%（95%CI=12.1-23.2）的腹泻儿童在家中接受口服补液盐（ORS）治疗。在随后的 2 年中，6 次进行的简短调查显示，患病率或寻求治疗的行为没有变化。腹泻仍然是冈比亚农村年轻儿童的一个严重问题。鼓励在卫生中心寻求医疗保健，并推广 ORS 使用，可以降低该人群的死亡率和发病率。
