Kielmann A A, Mobarak A B, Hammamy M T, Gomaa A I, Abou-el-Saad S, Lotfi R K, Mazen I, Nagaty A
Trop Med Parasitol. 1985 Dec;36(4):191-8.
From May through October 1980, the "Strengthening Rural Health Delivery" project (SRHD) under the Rural Health Department of the Ministry of Health of Egypt had conducted an investigation into prevention of child mortality from diarrheal disease through testing various modules of Oral Rehydration Therapy delivery mechanisms. In a six-cell design counting a total of almost 29,000 children, ORT was provided both as hypotonic sucrose/salt solution prepared and administered by mothers and normotonic, balanced electrolyte solution in the hands of both mothers and health care providers and the effects on child mortality during the peak season of diarrheal incidence were measured. In addition, utilization and effects of ORT when made readily available through commercial channels was similarly examined. A cost-benefit analysis was performed on the cost of the services as well as on the outcome for each of five study cells using the sixth, the control, as reference. Results showed that early rehydration with a sucrose/salt solution in the hands of mothers, backed by balanced oral rehydration solution in the hands of health care providers proved the most cost-effective means of reducing diarrhea-specific mortality as well as being as safe as prepackaged commercial preparations.
1980年5月至10月，埃及卫生部农村卫生司的“加强农村卫生服务”项目（SRHD）对通过测试口服补液疗法实施机制的各个模块来预防儿童腹泻病死亡情况进行了调查。在一个共有近29000名儿童的六单元设计中，口服补液疗法采用两种方式提供，一种是由母亲制备和施用的低渗蔗糖/盐溶液，另一种是母亲和医护人员手中的等渗平衡电解质溶液，并对腹泻高发季节期间对儿童死亡率的影响进行了测量。此外，还对通过商业渠道随时可得的口服补液疗法的使用情况和效果进行了类似的检查。以第六个单元即对照组作为参照，对五个研究单元中每个单元的服务成本以及结果进行了成本效益分析。结果表明，母亲手中的蔗糖/盐溶液早期补液，辅以医护人员手中的平衡口服补液溶液，是降低腹泻特异性死亡率最具成本效益的方法，并且与预包装商业制剂一样安全。
